Golang性能调优入门

2024-05-22 12:17:08 115

如何利用golang自带的profile工具进行应用程序的性能调优，前一段时间我做的日志分析系统在线上遇到了一个问题，就是分任务的系统down机了，日志处理延迟了10几个小时，这个时候任务分发系统重启之后开始分发任务，但是一下子就承受了十几个并发任务，导致内存消耗过快，直接吃掉了16G的内存，这可急坏了我啊。所以赶紧开始做性能优化。

性能优化我主要从以下几个方面进行了测试和调优：

CPUProfiling
MemProfiling
GC&HEAP

我采用了如下的profile工具代码：

packagemain

import(
	"fmt"

	"log"

	"os"

	"runtime"

	"runtime/debug"

	"runtime/pprof"

	"strconv"

	"sync/atomic"

	"syscall"

	"time"
)

varheapProfileCounterint32

varstartTime=time.Now()

varpidint

funcinit(){

	pid=os.Getpid()

}

funcStartCPUProfile(){

	f,err:=os.Create("cpu-"+strconv.Itoa(pid)+".pprof")

	iferr!=nil{

		log.Fatal(err)

	}

	pprof.StartCPUProfile(f)

}

funcStopCPUProfile(){

	pprof.StopCPUProfile()

}

funcStartBlockProfile(rateint){

	runtime.SetBlockProfileRate(rate)

}

funcStopBlockProfile(){

	filename:="block-"+strconv.Itoa(pid)+".pprof"

	f,err:=os.Create(filename)

	iferr!=nil{

		log.Fatal(err)

	}

	iferr=pprof.Lookup("block").WriteTo(f,0);err!=nil{

		log.Fatalf("can'twrite%s:%s",filename,err)

	}

	f.Close()

}

funcSetMemProfileRate(rateint){

	runtime.MemProfileRate=rate

}

funcGC(){

	runtime.GC()

}

funcDumpHeap(){

	filename:="heap-"+strconv.Itoa(pid)+"-"+strconv.Itoa(int(atomic.AddInt32(&heapProfileCounter,1)))+".pprof"

	f,err:=os.Create(filename)

	iferr!=nil{

		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr,"testing:%s",err)

		return

	}

	iferr=pprof.WriteHeapProfile(f);err!=nil{

		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr,"testing:can'twrite%s:%s",filename,err)

	}

	f.Close()

}

funcshowSystemStat(intervaltime.Duration,countint){

	usage1:=&syscall.Rusage{}

	varlastUtimeint64

	varlastStimeint64

	counter:=0

	for{

		//http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/vtimes.3.html

		syscall.Getrusage(syscall.RUSAGE_SELF,usage1)

		utime:=usage1.Utime.Sec*1000000000+usage1.Utime.Usec

		stime:=usage1.Stime.Sec*1000000000+usage1.Stime.Usec

		userCPUUtil:=float64(utime-lastUtime)*100/float64(interval)

		sysCPUUtil:=float64(stime-lastStime)*100/float64(interval)

		memUtil:=usage1.Maxrss*1024

		lastUtime=utime

		lastStime=stime

		ifcounter>0{

			fmt.Printf("cpu:%3.2f%%us%3.2f%%sy,mem:%s\n",userCPUUtil,sysCPUUtil,toH(uint64(memUtil)))

		}

		counter+=1

		ifcount>=1&&count<counter{

			return

		}

		time.Sleep(interval)

	}

}

funcShowSystemStat(secondsint){

	gofunc(){

		interval:=time.Duration(seconds)*time.Second

		showSystemStat(interval,0)

	}()

}

funcPrintSystemStats(){

	interval:=time.Duration(1)*time.Second

	showSystemStat(interval,1)

}

funcShowGCStat(){

	gofunc(){

		varnumGCint64

		interval:=time.Duration(100)*time.Millisecond

		gcstats:=&debug.GCStats{PauseQuantiles:make([]time.Duration,100)}

		memStats:=&runtime.MemStats{}

		for{

			debug.ReadGCStats(gcstats)

			ifgcstats.NumGC>numGC{

				runtime.ReadMemStats(memStats)

				printGC(memStats,gcstats)

				numGC=gcstats.NumGC

			}

			time.Sleep(interval)

		}

	}()

}

funcPrintGCSummary(){

	memStats:=&runtime.MemStats{}

	runtime.ReadMemStats(memStats)

	gcstats:=&debug.GCStats{PauseQuantiles:make([]time.Duration,100)}

	debug.ReadGCStats(gcstats)

	printGC(memStats,gcstats)

}

funcprintGC(memStats*runtime.MemStats,gcstats*debug.GCStats){

	ifgcstats.NumGC>0{

		lastPause:=gcstats.Pause[0]

		elapsed:=time.Now().Sub(startTime)

		overhead:=float64(gcstats.PauseTotal)/float64(elapsed)*100

		allocatedRate:=float64(memStats.TotalAlloc)/elapsed.Seconds()

		fmt.Printf("NumGC:%dPause:%sPause(Avg):%sOverhead:%3.2f%%Alloc:%sSys:%sAlloc(Rate):%s/sHistogram:%s%s%s\n",

			gcstats.NumGC,

			toS(lastPause),

			toS(avg(gcstats.Pause)),

			overhead,

			toH(memStats.Alloc),

			toH(memStats.Sys),

			toH(uint64(allocatedRate)),

			toS(gcstats.PauseQuantiles[94]),

			toS(gcstats.PauseQuantiles[98]),

			toS(gcstats.PauseQuantiles[99]))

	}else{

		//whileGChasdisabled

		elapsed:=time.Now().Sub(startTime)

		allocatedRate:=float64(memStats.TotalAlloc)/elapsed.Seconds()

		fmt.Printf("Alloc:%sSys:%sAlloc(Rate):%s/s\n",

			toH(memStats.Alloc),

			toH(memStats.Sys),

			toH(uint64(allocatedRate)))

	}

}

funcavg(items[]time.Duration)time.Duration{

	varsumtime.Duration

	for_,item:=rangeitems{

		sum+=item

	}

	returntime.Duration(int64(sum)/int64(len(items)))

}

//humanreadableformat

functoH(bytesuint64)string{

	switch{

	casebytes<1024:

		returnfmt.Sprintf("�",bytes)

	casebytes<1024*1024:

		returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fK",float64(bytes)/1024)

	casebytes<1024*1024*1024:

		returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fM",float64(bytes)/1024/1024)

	default:

		returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fG",float64(bytes)/1024/1024/1024)

	}

}

//shortstringformat

functoS(dtime.Duration)string{

	u:=uint64(d)

	ifu<uint64(time.Second){

		switch{

		caseu==0:

			return"0"

		caseu<uint64(time.Microsecond):

			returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fns",float64(u))

		caseu<uint64(time.Millisecond):

			returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fus",float64(u)/1000)

		default:

			returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fms",float64(u)/1000/1000)

		}

	}else{

		switch{

		caseu<uint64(time.Minute):

			returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fs",float64(u)/1000/1000/1000)

		caseu<uint64(time.Hour):

			returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fm",float64(u)/1000/1000/1000/60)

		default:

			returnfmt.Sprintf("%.2fh",float64(u)/1000/1000/1000/60/60)

		}

	}

}

原文链接：

Golang性能调优入门

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