如何在JDBC中创建和释放保存点？
设置保存点时，您可以在事务中定义逻辑回滚点。如果在保存点之后发生错误，则可以使用回滚方法撤消所有更改，或仅撤消在保存点之后进行的更改。
Savepoint接口为您提供了其他事务控制。大多数现代DBMS支持在其环境中保存点，例如Oracle的PL/SQL。
设置保存点
您可以使用Connection接口的setSavepoint（StringsavepointName）方法在数据库中设置保存点，该方法接受表示保存点名称的字符串值并返回Savepoint对象。
释放保存点
您可以使用Connection接口的releaseSavepoint（SavepointsavepointName）方法释放保存点，该方法接受保存点的名称并释放/删除指定的保存点。
示例
假设我们在数据库中有一个名为customers的表，其中包含5条记录，如下所示：
+----+-----------+------+---------+----------------+ | ID | NAME | AGE | SALARY | ADDRESS | +----+-----------+------+---------+----------------+ | 1 | Amit | 25 | 3000.00 | Hyderabad | | 2 | Kalyan | 27 | 4000.00 | Vishakhapatnam | | 3 | Renuka | 30 | 5000.00 | Delhi | | 4 | Archana | 24 | 1500.00 | Mumbai | | 5 | Koushik | 30 | 9000.00 | Kota | +----+-----------+------+---------+----------------+
以下JDBC程序向其插入更多7条记录，设置一个保存点，删除一些记录并回滚到该保存点。
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.Savepoint;
public class SavepointExample {
public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
//Registering the Driver
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());
//Getting the connection
String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/mydatabase";
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password");
System.out.println("Connection established......");
//Setting auto-commit false
con.setAutoCommit(false);
System.out.println(" ");
//Creating the Statement
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("INSERT into customers VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?) ");
pstmt.setInt(1, 6);
pstmt.setString(2, "Hardik");
pstmt.setInt(3, 45);
pstmt.setInt(4, 6400);
pstmt.setString(5, "Bhopal");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
pstmt.setInt(1, 7);
pstmt.setString(2, "Trupti");
pstmt.setInt(3, 33);
pstmt.setInt(4, 4360);
pstmt.setString(5, "Ahmedabad");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
pstmt.setInt(1, 8);
pstmt.setString(2, "Mithili");
pstmt.setInt(3, 26);
pstmt.setInt(4, 4100);
pstmt.setString(5, "Vijayawada");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
pstmt.setInt(1, 9);
pstmt.setString(2, "Maneesh");
pstmt.setInt(3, 39);
pstmt.setInt(4, 4000);
pstmt.setString(5, "Hyderabad");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
pstmt.setInt(1, 10);
pstmt.setString(2, "Rajaneesh");
pstmt.setInt(3, 30);
pstmt.setInt(4, 6400);
pstmt.setString(5, "Delhi");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
pstmt.setInt(1, 11);
pstmt.setString(2, "Komal");
pstmt.setInt(3, 29);
pstmt.setInt(4, 8000);
pstmt.setString(5, "Ahmedabad");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
pstmt.setInt(1, 12);
pstmt.setString(2, "Manyata");
pstmt.setInt(3, 25);
pstmt.setInt(4, 5000);
pstmt.setString(5, "Vijayawada");
pstmt.executeUpdate();
//Setting save point
Savepoint savePoint = con.setSavepoint("mysavepoint");
System.out.println(" ");
System.out.println("Contents of the customers table after inserting the records: ");
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
//Retrieving data
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("Select * from customers");
while(rs.next()) {
System.out.print("ID: "+rs.getInt("ID")+", ");
System.out.print("Name: "+rs.getString("Name")+", ");
System.out.print("Age: "+rs.getInt("Age")+", ");
System.out.print("Salary: "+rs.getInt("Salary")+", ");
System.out.print("Address: "+rs.getString("Address"));
System.out.println();
}
//Deleting the records
stmt.execute("Delete from customers where id > 5");
System.out.println(" ");
System.out.println("Contents of the customers table after deleting the records: ");
//Retrieving data
rs = stmt.executeQuery("Select * from customers");
while(rs.next()) {
System.out.print("ID: "+rs.getInt("ID")+", ");
System.out.print("Name: "+rs.getString("Name")+", ");
System.out.print("Age: "+rs.getInt("Age")+", ");
System.out.print("Salary: "+rs.getInt("Salary")+", ");
System.out.print("Address: "+rs.getString("Address"));
System.out.println();
}
//Rolling back to the save point
con.rollback(savePoint);
System.out.println(" ");
System.out.println("Contents of the table at the save point: ");
//Retrieving data
rs = stmt.executeQuery("Select * from customers");
while(rs.next()) {
System.out.print("ID: "+rs.getInt("ID")+", ");
System.out.print("Name: "+rs.getString("Name")+", ");
System.out.print("Age: "+rs.getInt("Age")+", ");
System.out.print("Salary: "+rs.getInt("Salary")+", ");
System.out.print("Address: "+rs.getString("Address"));
System.out.println();
}
}
}输出结果
Connection established...... Contents of the customers table after inserting the records: ID: 1, Name: Amit, Age: 25, Salary: 3000, Address: Hyderabad ID: 2, Name: Kalyan, Age: 27, Salary: 4000, Address: Vishakhapatnam ID: 3, Name: Renuka, Age: 30, Salary: 5000, Address: Delhi ID: 4, Name: Archana, Age: 24, Salary: 1500, Address: Mumbai ID: 5, Name: Koushik, Age: 30, Salary: 9000, Address: Kota ID: 6, Name: Hardik, Age: 45, Salary: 6400, Address: Bhopal ID: 7, Name: Trupti, Age: 33, Salary: 4360, Address: Ahmedabad ID: 8, Name: Mithili, Age: 26, Salary: 4100, Address: Vijayawada ID: 9, Name: Maneesh, Age: 39, Salary: 4000, Address: Hyderabad ID: 10, Name: Rajaneesh, Age: 30, Salary: 6400, Address: Delhi ID: 11, Name: Komal, Age: 29, Salary: 8000, Address: Ahmedabad ID: 12, Name: Manyata, Age: 25, Salary: 5000, Address: Vijayawada Contents of the customers table after deleting the records: ID: 1, Name: Amit, Age: 25, Salary: 3000, Address: Hyderabad ID: 2, Name: Kalyan, Age: 27, Salary: 4000, Address: Vishakhapatnam ID: 3, Name: Renuka, Age: 30, Salary: 5000, Address: Delhi ID: 4, Name: Archana, Age: 24, Salary: 1500, Address: Mumbai ID: 5, Name: Koushik, Age: 30, Salary: 9000, Address: Kota Contents of the table at the save point: ID: 1, Name: Amit, Age: 25, Salary: 3000, Address: Hyderabad ID: 2, Name: Kalyan, Age: 27, Salary: 4000, Address: Vishakhapatnam ID: 3, Name: Renuka, Age: 30, Salary: 5000, Address: Delhi ID: 4, Name: Archana, Age: 24, Salary: 1500, Address: Mumbai ID: 5, Name: Koushik, Age: 30, Salary: 9000, Address: Kota ID: 6, Name: Hardik, Age: 45, Salary: 6400, Address: Bhopal ID: 7, Name: Trupti, Age: 33, Salary: 4360, Address: Ahmedabad ID: 8, Name: Mithili, Age: 26, Salary: 4100, Address: Vijayawada ID: 9, Name: Maneesh, Age: 39, Salary: 4000, Address: Hyderabad ID: 10, Name: Rajaneesh, Age: 30, Salary: 6400, Address: Delhi ID: 11, Name: Komal, Age: 29, Salary: 8000, Address: Ahmedabad ID: 12, Name: Manyata, Age: 25, Salary: 5000, Address: Vijayawada