是否可以在Java中不使用“ throws Exception”而引发异常?
当Java中发生异常时,程序异常终止,并且导致异常的行之后的代码也不会执行。
要解决此问题,您需要将导致异常的代码包装在trycatchot中,然后使用throws子句抛出异常。如果使用throws子句引发异常,它将被p[推迟到调用行,即
示例
import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.util.Scanner; public class ExceptionExample{ public static String readFile(String path)throws FileNotFoundException { String data = null; Scanner sc = new Scanner(new File("E://test//sample.txt")); String input; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append(sc.next()); data = sb.toString(); return data; } public static void main(String args[]) { String path = "E://test//sample.txt"; readFile(path); } }
输出结果
编译时错误
ExceptionExample.java:17: error: unreported exception FileNotFoundException; must be caught or declared to be thrown readFile(path); ^ 1 error
不使用抛出
当将异常缓存在catch块中时,可以使用throw关键字(用于抛出异常对象)将其重新抛出。如果重新抛出该异常,则就像在throws子句的情况下一样,此异常将在调用当前异常的方法中在处生成。
示例
在以下Java示例中,我们在demomethod()中的代码可能会引发ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException和ArithmeticException。我们在两个不同的catch块中捕获了这两个异常。
在catch块中,我们通过包装在较高的异常中来抛出两个异常,而另一个直接抛出。
import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Scanner; public class RethrowExample { public void demoMethod() { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); int[] arr = {10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8}; System.out.println("Array: "+Arrays.toString(arr)); System.out.println("Choose numerator and denominator(not 0) from this array (enter positions 0 to 5)"); int a = sc.nextInt(); int b = sc.nextInt(); try { int result = (arr[a])/(arr[b]); System.out.println("Result of "+arr[a]+"/"+arr[b]+": "+result); } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(); } catch(ArithmeticException e) { throw e; } } public static void main(String [] args) { new RethrowExample().demoMethod(); } }
输出1
Array: [10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8] Choose numerator and denominator(not 0) from this array (enter positions 0 to 5) 0 4 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero at myPackage.RethrowExample.demoMethod(RethrowExample.java:16) at myPackage.RethrowExample.main(RethrowExample.java:25)
输出2
Array: [10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8] Choose numerator and denominator(not 0) from this array (enter positions 0 to 5) 124 5 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException at myPackage.RethrowExample.demoMethod(RethrowExample.java:17) at myPackage.RethrowExample.main(RethrowExample.java:23)