在C ++中对单链表的二进制搜索
一个单向链表是一个链表(数据结构存储节点的值和下一个节点的内存位置),它可以去只有一条路。
二进制搜索是一种基于划分和规则的搜索算法。这样就可以找到结构的中间元素,并针对不等式比较并使用递归调用同一算法。
在这里,我们得到一个单链表和一个使用二分查找法找到的元素。
由于单链列表是仅使用一个指针的数据结构,因此很难找到其中间元素。在单链列表的中间,我们使用两种指针方法。
算法
Step 1 : Initialize, start_node (head of list) and last_node (will have last value) , mid_node (middle node of the structure). Step 2 : Compare mid_node to element Step 2.1 : if mid_node = element, return value “found”. Step 2.2 : if mid_node > element, call binary search on lower_Half. Step 2.3 : if mid_node < element, call binary search on upper_Half. Step 3 : if entire list is traversed, return “Not found”.
示例
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct Node{
int data;
struct Node* next;
};
Node *newNode(int x){
struct Node* temp = new Node;
temp->data = x;
temp->next = NULL;
return temp;
}
struct Node* mid_node(Node* start, Node* last){
if (start == NULL)
return NULL;
struct Node* slow = start;
struct Node* fast = start -> next;
while (fast != last){
fast = fast -> next;
if (fast != last){
slow = slow -> next;
fast = fast -> next;
}
}
return slow;
}
struct Node* binarySearch(Node *head, int value){
struct Node* start = head;
struct Node* last = NULL;
do{
Node* mid = mid_node(start, last);
if (mid == NULL)
return NULL;
if (mid -> data == value)
return mid;
else if (mid -> data < value)
start = mid -> next;
else
last = mid;
}
while (last == NULL || last != start);
return NULL;
}
int main(){
Node *head = newNode(54);
head->next = newNode(12);
head->next->next = newNode(18);
head->next->next->next = newNode(23);
head->next->next->next->next = newNode(52);
head->next->next->next->next->next = newNode(76);
int value = 52;
if (binarySearch(head, value) == NULL)
printf("Value is not present in linked list\n");
else
printf("The value is present in linked list\n");
return 0;
}输出结果
The value is present in linked list