如何找出Linux硬盘上的坏扇区
Badblocks是一个Linux实用程序，用于评估磁盘电源上不正常的扇区。它创建了可以与其他应用程序（例如mkfs）一起使用的那些扇区的列表，因此它们在某些时候不会被使用，因此不会破坏数据。本文介绍-–如何找出不良部门。Linux硬盘上的坏块。
要获取有关计算机上的块设备的信息，请使用以下命令–
$ lsblk
检查坏扇区
有很多复杂的方法可以找到坏块。最常用的方法如下所示-
要获取有关坏块状态的信息，请在Ubuntu上安装以下软件包，如下所示–
$ sudo apt-get install smartmontools
样本输出应该像这样-
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: s-nail Suggested packages: exim4 | mail-transport-agent gsmartcontrol smart-notifier The following NEW packages will be installed: s-nail smartmontools 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 284 not upgraded. Need to get 795 kB of archives. After this operation, 2,398 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 s-nail amd64 14.8.6-1 [353 kB] Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 smartmontools amd64 6.4+svn4214-1 [442 kB] Fetched 795 kB in 1s (541 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package s-nail. (Reading database ... 174772 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../s-nail_14.8.6-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking s-nail (14.8.6-1) ... .............................................................................................
要获取有关smartctl的更多信息，请使用以下命令–
$ smartctl -h
样本输出应如下所示–
smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.4.0-31-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
Usage: smartctl [options] device
============================================ SHOW INFORMATION OPTIONS =====
-h, --help, --usage
Display this help and exit
-V, --version, --copyright, --license
Print license, copyright, and version information and exit
-i, --info
Show identity information for device
--identify[=[w][nvb]]
Show words and bits from IDENTIFY DEVICE data (ATA)
-g NAME, --get=NAME
Get device setting: all, aam, apm, lookahead, security, wcache, rcache, wcreorder
-a, --all
Show all SMART information for device
-x, --xall
Show all information for device
--scan
Scan for devices
--scan-open
Scan for devices and try to open each device
================================== SMARTCTL RUN-TIME BEHAVIOR OPTIONS =====
-q TYPE, --quietmode=TYPE (ATA)
Set smartctl quiet mode to one of: errorsonly, silent, noserial
-d TYPE, --device=TYPE
Specify device type to one of: ata, scsi, sat[,auto][,N][+TYPE], usbcypress[,X], usbjmicron[,p][,x][,N], usbsunplus, marvell, areca,N/E, 3ware,N, hpt,L/M/N, megaraid,N, aacraid,H,L,ID, cciss,N, auto, test
-T TYPE, --tolerance=TYPE (ATA)
Tolerance: normal, conservative, permissive, verypermissive
-b TYPE, --badsum=TYPE (ATA)
Set action on bad checksum to one of: warn, exit, ignore
-r TYPE, --report=TYPE
Report transactions (see man page)
-n MODE, --nocheck=MODE (ATA)
No check if: never, sleep, standby, idle (see man page)
.........................................................................................验证硬盘运行状况
要验证硬盘的运行状况，请使用以下命令–
$ sudo smartctl -H /dev/sda
样本输出应该像这样-
smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.4.0-31-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
如果以上结果提供了故障信息，请使用以下命令扫描损坏的块。
$ sudo badblocks -v /dev/sdb
检查硬盘需要几分钟。就我而言，它给出了以下结果-
Checking blocks 0 to 3595263 Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Pass completed, 0 bad blocks found. (0/0/0 errors)
恭喜你！现在，您知道“如何找出不良部门，即。Linux硬盘上的坏块？”。在我们的下一篇Linux文章中，我们将详细了解这些类型的命令。继续阅读！