Elasticsearch 索引和检索文档
示例
通常通过HTTPRESTAPI访问Elasticsearch。通常使用cURL库。搜索服务器和客户端（您或您的应用程序）之间的消息以JSON字符串的形式发送。默认情况下，Elasticsearch在端口9200上运行。
在下面的示例中，添加了?pretty用于告诉Elasticsearch修饰JSON响应的功能。在应用程序中使用这些端点时，无需添加此查询参数。
索引文件
如果我们打算以后更新索引中的信息，则最好为索引的文档分配唯一的ID。要将文档添加到名为的索引中megacorp，其类型employee和ID为1：
curl -XPUT "http://localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/1?pretty" -d'
{
"first_name" : "John",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 25,
"about" : "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}'响应：
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"created": true
}如果在我们发送PUT调用时不存在该索引，则会创建该索引。
没有ID的索引
POST /megacorp/employee?pretty
{
"first_name" : "Jane",
"last_name" : "Smith",
"age" : 32,
"about" : "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests": [ "music" ]
}响应：
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "AVYg2mBJYy9ijdngfeGa",
"_version": 1,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"failed": 0
},
"created": true
}检索文件
curl -XGET "http://localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/1?pretty"
响应：
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}从megacorp索引中获取10个文档，其类型为employee：
curl -XGET "http://localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty"
响应：
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "AVYg2mBJYy9ijdngfeGa",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "Jane",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 32,
"about": "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests": [
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}使用match查询进行简单搜索，该查询在提供的字段中查找完全匹配：
curl -XGET "http://localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search" -d'
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"last_name" : "Smith"
}
}
}'响应：
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.6931472,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.6931472,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [
"sports",
"music"
]
}
}
]
}
}