Intel x86 Assembly& Microarchitecture IA-32组装,GAS,cdecl调用约定
示例
# make this routine available outside this translation unit
.globl string_to_integer
string_to_integer:
# function prologue
push %ebp
mov %esp, %ebp
push %esi
# initialize result (%eax) to zero
xor %eax, %eax
# fetch pointer to the string
mov 8(%ebp), %esi
# clear high bits of %ecx to be used in addition
xor %ecx, %ecx
# do the conversion
string_to_integer_loop:
# fetch a character
mov (%esi), %cl
# exit loop when hit to NUL character
test %cl, %cl
jz string_to_integer_loop_end
# multiply the result by 10
mov $10, %edx
mul %edx
# convert the character to number and add it
sub $'0', %cl
add %ecx, %eax
# proceed to next character
inc %esi
jmp string_to_integer_loop
string_to_integer_loop_end:
# function epilogue
pop %esi
leave
ret此GAS风格的代码会将第一个参数给出的十进制字符串(在调用此函数之前已压入堆栈)转换为整数,然后通过返回%eax。之所以%esi被保存,是因为它是被调用者保存寄存器并被使用。
为了使代码简单,不检查溢出/包装和无效字符。
在C语言中,可以像下面这样使用此代码(假定unsignedint和指针的长度为4个字节):
#include <stdio.h>
unsigned int string_to_integer(const char* str);
int main(void) {
const char* testcases[] = {
"0",
"1",
"10",
"12345",
"1234567890",
NULL
};
const char** data;
for (data = testcases; *data != NULL; data++) {
printf("string_to_integer(%s) = %u\n", *data, string_to_integer(*data));
}
return 0;
}注意:在某些环境中,string_to_integer必须将汇编代码中的两个更改为_string_to_integer(添加下划线),以使其能够与C代码一起使用。