常见的python正则用法实例讲解
下面列出Python正则表达式的几种匹配用法:
此外,关于正则的一切http://deerchao.net/tutorials/regex/regex.htm
1.测试正则表达式是否匹配字符串的全部或部分
regex=ur""#正则表达式 ifre.search(regex,subject): do_something() else: do_anotherthing()
2.测试正则表达式是否匹配整个字符串
regex=ur"\Z"#正则表达式末尾以\Z结束 ifre.match(regex,subject): do_something() else: do_anotherthing()
3.创建一个匹配对象,然后通过该对象获得匹配细节(Createanobjectwithdetailsabouthowtheregexmatches(partof)astring)
regex=ur""#正则表达式 match=re.search(regex,subject) ifmatch: #matchstart:match.start() #matchend(exclusive):atch.end() #matchedtext:match.group() do_something() else: do_anotherthing()
4.获取正则表达式所匹配的子串(Getthepartofastringmatchedbytheregex)
regex=ur""#正则表达式 match=re.search(regex,subject) ifmatch: result=match.group() else: result=""
5.获取捕获组所匹配的子串(Getthepartofastringmatchedbyacapturinggroup)
regex=ur""#正则表达式 match=re.search(regex,subject) ifmatch: result=match.group(1) else: result=""
6.获取有名组所匹配的子串(Getthepartofastringmatchedbyanamedgroup)
regex=ur""#正则表达式 match=re.search(regex,subject) ifmatch: result=match.group"groupname") else: result=""
7.将字符串中所有匹配的子串放入数组中(Getanarrayofallregexmatchesinastring)
result=re.findall(regex,subject)
8.遍历所有匹配的子串(Iterateoverallmatchesinastring)
formatchinre.finditer(r"<(.*?)\s*.*?/\1>",subject) #matchstart:match.start() #matchend(exclusive):atch.end() #matchedtext:match.group()
9.通过正则表达式字符串创建一个正则表达式对象(Createanobjecttousethesameregexformanyoperations)
reobj=re.compile(regex)
10.用法1的正则表达式对象版本(useregexobjectforif/elsebranchwhether(partof)astringcanbematched)
reobj=re.compile(regex) ifreobj.search(subject): do_something() else: do_anotherthing()
11.用法2的正则表达式对象版本(useregexobjectforif/elsebranchwhetherastringcanbematchedentirely)
reobj=re.compile(r"\Z")#正则表达式末尾以\Z结束 ifreobj.match(subject): do_something() else: do_anotherthing()
12.创建一个正则表达式对象,然后通过该对象获得匹配细节(Createanobjectwithdetailsabouthowtheregexobjectmatches(partof)astring)
reobj=re.compile(regex) match=reobj.search(subject) ifmatch: #matchstart:match.start() #matchend(exclusive):atch.end() #matchedtext:match.group() do_something() else: do_anotherthing()
13.用正则表达式对象获取匹配子串(Useregexobjecttogetthepartofastringmatchedbytheregex)
reobj=re.compile(regex) match=reobj.search(subject) ifmatch: result=match.group() else: result=""
14.用正则表达式对象获取捕获组所匹配的子串(Useregexobjecttogetthepartofastringmatchedbyacapturinggroup)
reobj=re.compile(regex) match=reobj.search(subject) ifmatch: result=match.group(1) else: result=""
15.用正则表达式对象获取有名组所匹配的子串(Useregexobjecttogetthepartofastringmatchedbyanamedgroup)
reobj=re.compile(regex) match=reobj.search(subject) ifmatch: result=match.group("groupname") else: result=""
16.用正则表达式对象获取所有匹配子串并放入数组(Useregexobjecttogetanarrayofallregexmatchesinastring)
reobj=re.compile(regex)
result=reobj.findall(subject)
17.通过正则表达式对象遍历所有匹配子串(Useregexobjecttoiterateoverallmatchesinastring)
reobj=re.compile(regex) formatchinreobj.finditer(subject): #matchstart:match.start() #matchend(exclusive):match.end() #matchedtext:match.group()
18.字符串替换
1).替换所有匹配的子串
#用newstring替换subject中所有与正则表达式regex匹配的子串
result=re.sub(regex,newstring,subject)
2).替换所有匹配的子串(使用正则表达式对象)
reobj=re.compile(regex)
result=reobj.sub(newstring,subject)
19.字符串拆分
1).字符串拆分
result=re.split(regex,subject)
2).字符串拆分(使用正则表示式对象)
reobj=re.compile(regex)
result=reobj.split(subject)
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