Ajax如何传输Json和xml数据
ajax传输xml数据:只要把数据封装成xml格式就可以实现传输,前台js用responseXML接收xml参数,后台读取用流和dom4j来解析
前台页面
<%@pagelanguage="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@tagliburi="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"prefix="c"%> <!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>AjaxXML数据处理演示</title> <scripttype="text/javascript"> //get方式ajax functionsend1(){ alert("ok"); varname=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value; varage=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value; varxhr=null; if(window.XMLHttpRequest){ xhr=newXMLHttpRequest(); }else{ xhr=newActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); } varurl="<c:urlvalue='/XmlServlet?name='/>"+name+"&age="+age; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("GET",url,true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 vartxt=xhr.responseText; alert(txt); } } }; xhr.send(null); } </script> <!--前台以xml的格式向服务器发送数据--> <scripttype="text/javascript"> //post方式ajax functionsend2(){ alert("222"); //1创建ajax对象 varxhr=null; if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//高版本 xhr=newXMLHttpRequest(); }else{//低版本 xhr=newActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); } //2请求地址 varurl="<c:urlvalue='/XmlServlet'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("POST",url,true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 varxmlObj=xhr.responseXML; varusers=xmlObj.getElementsByTagName("user"); for(vari=0;i<users.length;i++){ varid=users[i].getAttribute("id"); varname=users[i].childNodes[0].firstChild.data;//xml中的dom模型中的操作方法,和html中有点小差别 varage=users[i].childNodes[1].firstChild.data;//不能用childNodes["age"] alert(id+","+name+","+age); } } } }; varname=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value; varage=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value; varxml="<user><name>"+name+"</name><age>"+age+"</age></user>"; xhr.send(xml); } </script> </head> <body> Name: <inputtype="text"name="name"> <br/>Age: <inputtype="text"name="age"> <br/> <inputtype="button"value="Get提交"onclick="send1();"/> <br/> <inputtype="button"value="Post提交"onclick="send2()"/> <br/> </body> </html>
后台页面
<%@pagelanguage="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@tagliburi="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"prefix="c"%> <!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>AjaxXML数据处理演示</title> <scripttype="text/javascript"> //get方式ajax functionsend1(){ alert("ok"); varname=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value; varage=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value; varxhr=null; if(window.XMLHttpRequest){ xhr=newXMLHttpRequest(); }else{ xhr=newActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); } varurl="<c:urlvalue='/XmlServlet?name='/>"+name+"&age="+age; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("GET",url,true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 vartxt=xhr.responseText; alert(txt); } } }; xhr.send(null); } </script> <!--前台以xml的格式向服务器发送数据--> <scripttype="text/javascript"> //post方式ajax functionsend2(){ alert("222"); //1创建ajax对象 varxhr=null; if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//高版本 xhr=newXMLHttpRequest(); }else{//低版本 xhr=newActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); } //2请求地址 varurl="<c:urlvalue='/XmlServlet'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("POST",url,true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 varxmlObj=xhr.responseXML; varusers=xmlObj.getElementsByTagName("user"); for(vari=0;i<users.length;i++){ varid=users[i].getAttribute("id"); varname=users[i].childNodes[0].firstChild.data;//xml中的dom模型中的操作方法,和html中有点小差别 varage=users[i].childNodes[1].firstChild.data;//不能用childNodes["age"] alert(id+","+name+","+age); } } } }; varname=document.getElementsByName("name")[0].value; varage=document.getElementsByName("age")[0].value; varxml="<user><name>"+name+"</name><age>"+age+"</age></user>"; xhr.send(xml); } </script> </head> <body> Name: <inputtype="text"name="name"> <br/>Age: <inputtype="text"name="age"> <br/> <inputtype="button"value="Get提交"onclick="send1();"/> <br/> <inputtype="button"value="Post提交"onclick="send2()"/> <br/> </body> </html>
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Ajax传输Json数据的要点利用Apache或者阿里巴巴的JSONArray类进行传输
前台代码
<%@pagelanguage="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@tagliburi="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"prefix="c"%> <!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>AjaxJson数据处理演示</title> <scripttype="text/javascript"> functionask1(){ //1创建ajax对象 varxhr=null; if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//高版本 xhr=newXMLHttpRequest(); }else{//低版本 xhr=newActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); } //2请求地址 varurl="<c:urlvalue='/JsonServlet1'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("POST",url,true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串 //js中eval()方法的功能:是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型,并把其转换成对应类型的对象 vartxt=xhr.responseText; varusers=eval("("+txt+")");//把符合json格式的文本串转换成json对象 for(vari=0;i<users.length;i++){ alert(users[i].id+","+users[i].name+"," +users[i].age); } } } }; //5发送 xhr.send(null); } functionask2(){ //1创建ajax对象 varxhr=null; if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//高版本 xhr=newXMLHttpRequest(); }else{//低版本 xhr=newActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); } //2请求地址 varurl="<c:urlvalue='/JsonServlet2'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("POST",url,true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串 //js中eval()方法的功能:是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型,并把其转换成对应类型的对象 vartxt=xhr.responseText; //alert(txt); //把符合json格式的文本串转换成json对象 varusers=eval("("+txt+")"); for(varkeyinusers)//map的便利方式 alert("属性:"+key+",值:"+users[key]); } //for(vari=0;i<users.length;i++){//list的遍历方式 //alert(users[i].id+","+users[i].name+","+users[i].age); //} }; }; //5发送 xhr.send(null); } functionask3(){ //1创建ajax对象 varxhr=null; if(window.XMLHttpRequest){//高版本 xhr=newXMLHttpRequest(); }else{//低版本 xhr=newActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); } //2请求地址 varurl="<c:urlvalue='/JsonServlet2'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("POST",url,true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readyState==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串 //js中eval()方法的功能:是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型,并把其转换成对应类型的对象 vartxt=xhr.responseText; //alert(txt); //把符合json格式的文本串转换成json对象 varusers=eval("("+txt+")"); for(varkeyinusers)//map的便利方式 alert("属性:"+key+",值:"+users[key]); } //for(vari=0;i<users.length;i++){//list的遍历方式 //alert(users[i].id+","+users[i].name+","+users[i].age); //} }; }; //5发送 xhr.send(null); } </script> </head> <body> <inputtype="button"onclick="ask1();"value="ajax请求后台数据(手动封装json方式)"/> <br/> <inputtype="button"onclick="ask2();" value="ajax请求后台数据(用apache工具封装json方式)"/> <inputtype="button"onclick="ask3()"value="ajax请求后台数据(用fastjson工具封装json方式)"/> </body> </html>
JsonServlet1.java
packagecn.hncu.servlet; importjava.io.IOException; importjava.io.PrintWriter; importjava.util.ArrayList; importjava.util.List; importjavax.servlet.ServletException; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; importcn.hncu.domain.User; publicclassJsonServlet1extendsHttpServlet{ publicvoiddoGet(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse) throwsServletException,IOException{ doPost(request,response); } publicvoiddoPost(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse) throwsServletException,IOException{ //调用后台service.dao.query(),到数据库当中把信息读取出来 //为简化知识点的理解,此处后台部分的功能直接模拟 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); PrintWriterout=response.getWriter(); List<User>users=newArrayList<User>(); users.add(newUser("A001","Jack",20)); users.add(newUser("A002","Rose",22)); users.add(newUser("B001","张三",20)); users.add(newUser("B002","李四",30)); Stringjson=""; //用java封装出json格式的字符串:[{name:"Jack",age:25},{...},{...}] for(Useru:users){ if(json.equals("")){ json="{name:\""+u.getName()+"\",id:\""+u.getId()+"\",age:"+u.getAge()+"}"; }else{ json=json+",{name:\""+u.getName()+"\",id:\""+u.getId()+"\",age:"+u.getAge()+"}"; } } json="["+json+"]"; out.print(json); } }
JsonServlet2.java
packagecn.hncu.servlet; importjava.io.IOException; importjava.io.PrintWriter; importjava.util.ArrayList; importjava.util.HashMap; importjava.util.List; importjava.util.Map; importjavax.servlet.ServletException; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; importcn.hncu.domain.User; importnet.sf.json.JSONArray; importnet.sf.json.JSONObject; publicclassJsonServlet2extendsHttpServlet{ publicvoiddoPost(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse) throwsServletException,IOException{ response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); PrintWriterout=response.getWriter(); List<User>users=newArrayList<User>(); users.add(newUser("A001","Jack",20)); users.add(newUser("A002","Rose",22)); users.add(newUser("B001","张三",20)); users.add(newUser("B002","李四",30)); StringstrJson=com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray.toJSONString(users); System.out.println(strJson); //用fastjson工具(只有一个jar包)帮我们把list转换成json串 Map<String,Object>map=newHashMap<String,Object>(); map.put("addr","湖南"); map.put("height","170"); map.put("marry","no"); map.put("user",newUser("A003","小李",25)); StringstrMap=com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray.toJSONString(map); out.print(strMap.toString()); } }
JsonServlet3.java
packagecn.hncu.servlet; importjava.io.IOException; importjava.io.PrintWriter; importjava.util.ArrayList; importjava.util.HashMap; importjava.util.List; importjava.util.Map; importjavax.servlet.ServletException; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; importnet.sf.json.JSONArray; importnet.sf.json.JSONObject; importcn.hncu.domain.User; publicclassJsonServlet3extendsHttpServlet{ publicvoiddoPost(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse) throwsServletException,IOException{ response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); PrintWriterout=response.getWriter(); List<User>users=newArrayList<User>(); users.add(newUser("A001","Jack",20)); users.add(newUser("A002","Rose",22)); users.add(newUser("B001","张三",20)); users.add(newUser("B002","李四",30)); //用fastjson工具(只有一个jar包)帮我们把list转换成json串 JSONArrayjson=JSONArray.fromObject(users); StringstrJson=json.toString(); System.out.println(strJson); Map<String,Object>map=newHashMap<String,Object>(); map.put("addr","湖南"); map.put("height","170"); map.put("marry","no"); map.put("user",newUser("A003","小李",25)); JSONObjectobj=JSONObject.fromObject(map); System.out.println(obj.toString()); out.print(obj.toString()); } }
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