详解Spring Boot使用redis实现数据缓存
基于springBoot1.5.2.RELEASE版本，一方面验证与Redis的集成方法，另外了解使用方法。
集成方法
1、配置依赖
修改pom.xml，增加如下内容。
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-data-redis
2、配置Redis
修改application.yml，增加如下内容。
spring: redis: host:localhost port:6379 pool: max-idle:8 min-idle:0 max-active:8 max-wait:-1
3、配置Redis缓存
packagenet.jackieathome.cache;
importjava.lang.reflect.Method;
importorg.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
importorg.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;
importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
importorg.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
importorg.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
importorg.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
importorg.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
importorg.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
importorg.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
importcom.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
importcom.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
importcom.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
@Configuration
@EnableCaching//启用缓存特性
publicclassRedisConfigextendsCachingConfigurerSupport{
//缓存数据时Key的生成器，可以依据业务和技术场景自行定制
//@Bean
//publicKeyGeneratorcustomizedKeyGenerator(){
//returnnewKeyGenerator(){
//@Override
//publicObjectgenerate(Objecttarget,Methodmethod,Object...params){
//StringBuildersb=newStringBuilder();
//sb.append(target.getClass().getName());
//sb.append(method.getName());
//for(Objectobj:params){
//sb.append(obj.toString());
//}
//returnsb.toString();
//}
//};
//
//}
//定制缓存管理器的属性，默认提供的CacheManager对象可能不能满足需要
//因此建议依赖业务和技术上的需求，自行做一些扩展和定制
@Bean
publicCacheManagercacheManager(@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")RedisTemplateredisTemplate){
RedisCacheManagerredisCacheManager=newRedisCacheManager(redisTemplate);
redisCacheManager.setDefaultExpiration(300);
returnredisCacheManager;
}
@Bean
publicRedisTemplateredisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactoryfactory){
StringRedisTemplatetemplate=newStringRedisTemplate(factory);
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializerjackson2JsonRedisSerializer=newJackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapperom=newObjectMapper();
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL,JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
template.afterPropertiesSet();
returntemplate;
}
}
验证集成后的效果
考虑到未来参与的项目基于MyBatis实现数据库访问，而利用缓存，可有效改善Web页面的交互体验，因此设计了如下两个验证方案。
方案一
在访问数据库的数据对象上增加缓存注解，定义缓存策略。从测试效果看，缓存有效。
1、页面控制器
packagenet.jackieathome.controller;
importjava.util.List;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
importnet.jackieathome.bean.User;
importnet.jackieathome.dao.UserDao;
importnet.jackieathome.db.mapper.UserMapper;
@RestController
publicclassUserController{
@Autowired
privateUserDaouserDao;
@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET,value="/user/id/{id}")
publicUserfindUserById(@PathVariable("id")Stringid){
returnuserDao.findUserById(id);
}
@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET,value="/user/create")
publicUsercreateUser(){
longtime=System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;
Stringid="id"+time;
Useruser=newUser();
user.setId(id);
userDao.createUser(user);
returnuserDao.findUserById(id);
}
}
2、Mapper定义
packagenet.jackieathome.db.mapper;
importjava.util.List;
importorg.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
importorg.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheConfig;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
importnet.jackieathome.bean.User;
@Mapper
publicinterfaceUserMapper{
voidcreateUser(Useruser);
UserfindUserById(@Param("id")Stringid);
}
3、数据访问对象
packagenet.jackieathome.dao;
importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.List;
importorg.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
importorg.slf4j.Logger;
importorg.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheConfig;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;
importorg.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
importnet.jackieathome.bean.User;
importnet.jackieathome.db.mapper.UserMapper;
@Component
@CacheConfig(cacheNames="users")
@Transactional
publicclassUserDao{
privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserDao.class);
@Autowired
privateUserMapperuserMapper;
@CachePut(key="#p0.id")
publicvoidcreateUser(Useruser){
userMapper.createUser(user);
LOG.debug("createuser="+user);
}
@Cacheable(key="#p0")
publicUserfindUserById(@Param("id")Stringid){
LOG.debug("finduser="+id);
returnuserMapper.findUserById(id);
}
}
方案二
直接在Mapper定义上增加缓存注解，控制缓存策略。从测试效果看，缓存有效，相比于方案一，测试代码更加简洁一些。
1、页面控制器
packagenet.jackieathome.controller;
importjava.util.List;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
importnet.jackieathome.bean.User;
importnet.jackieathome.dao.UserDao;
importnet.jackieathome.db.mapper.UserMapper;
@RestController
publicclassUserController{
@Autowired
privateUserMapperuserMapper;
@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET,value="/user/id/{id}")
publicUserfindUserById(@PathVariable("id")Stringid){
returnuserMapper.findUserById(id);
}
@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET,value="/user/create")
publicUsercreateUser(){
longtime=System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;
Stringid="id"+time;
Useruser=newUser();
user.setId(id);
userMapper.createUser(user);
returnuserMapper.findUserById(id);
}
}
2、Mapper定义
packagenet.jackieathome.db.mapper;
importjava.util.List;
importorg.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
importorg.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheConfig;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut;
importorg.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
importnet.jackieathome.bean.User;
@CacheConfig(cacheNames="users")
@Mapper
publicinterfaceUserMapper{
@CachePut(key="#p0.id")
voidcreateUser(Useruser);
@Cacheable(key="#p0")
UserfindUserById(@Param("id")Stringid);
}
总结
上述两个测试方案并没有优劣之分，仅是为了验证缓存的使用方法，体现了不同的控制粒度，在实际的项目开发过程中，需要依据实际情况做不同的决断。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持毛票票。