SpringMVC 数据绑定实例详解
SpringMVC数据绑定
查看spring源码可以看出spring支持转换的数据类型:
org.springframework.beans.PropertyEditorRegistrySupport:
/** *Actuallyregisterthedefaulteditorsforthisregistryinstance. */ privatevoidcreateDefaultEditors(){ this.defaultEditors=newHashMap(64); //Simpleeditors,withoutparameterizationcapabilities. //TheJDKdoesnotcontainadefaulteditorforanyofthesetargettypes. this.defaultEditors.put(Charset.class,newCharsetEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(Class.class,newClassEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(Class[].class,newClassArrayEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(Currency.class,newCurrencyEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(File.class,newFileEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(InputStream.class,newInputStreamEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(InputSource.class,newInputSourceEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(Locale.class,newLocaleEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(Pattern.class,newPatternEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(Properties.class,newPropertiesEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(Resource[].class,newResourceArrayPropertyEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(TimeZone.class,newTimeZoneEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(URI.class,newURIEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(URL.class,newURLEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(UUID.class,newUUIDEditor()); //Defaultinstancesofcollectioneditors. //Canbeoverriddenbyregisteringcustominstancesofthoseascustomeditors. this.defaultEditors.put(Collection.class,newCustomCollectionEditor(Collection.class)); this.defaultEditors.put(Set.class,newCustomCollectionEditor(Set.class)); this.defaultEditors.put(SortedSet.class,newCustomCollectionEditor(SortedSet.class)); this.defaultEditors.put(List.class,newCustomCollectionEditor(List.class)); this.defaultEditors.put(SortedMap.class,newCustomMapEditor(SortedMap.class)); //Defaulteditorsforprimitivearrays. this.defaultEditors.put(byte[].class,newByteArrayPropertyEditor()); this.defaultEditors.put(char[].class,newCharArrayPropertyEditor()); //TheJDKdoesnotcontainadefaulteditorforchar! this.defaultEditors.put(char.class,newCharacterEditor(false)); this.defaultEditors.put(Character.class,newCharacterEditor(true)); //Spring'sCustomBooleanEditoracceptsmoreflagvaluesthantheJDK'sdefaulteditor. this.defaultEditors.put(boolean.class,newCustomBooleanEditor(false)); this.defaultEditors.put(Boolean.class,newCustomBooleanEditor(true)); //TheJDKdoesnotcontaindefaulteditorsfornumberwrappertypes! //OverrideJDKprimitivenumbereditorswithourownCustomNumberEditor. this.defaultEditors.put(byte.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Byte.class,false)); this.defaultEditors.put(Byte.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Byte.class,true)); this.defaultEditors.put(short.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Short.class,false)); this.defaultEditors.put(Short.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Short.class,true)); this.defaultEditors.put(int.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Integer.class,false)); this.defaultEditors.put(Integer.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Integer.class,true)); this.defaultEditors.put(long.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Long.class,false)); this.defaultEditors.put(Long.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Long.class,true)); this.defaultEditors.put(float.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Float.class,false)); this.defaultEditors.put(Float.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Float.class,true)); this.defaultEditors.put(double.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Double.class,false)); this.defaultEditors.put(Double.class,newCustomNumberEditor(Double.class,true)); this.defaultEditors.put(BigDecimal.class,newCustomNumberEditor(BigDecimal.class,true)); this.defaultEditors.put(BigInteger.class,newCustomNumberEditor(BigInteger.class,true)); //Onlyregisterconfigvalueeditorsifexplicitlyrequested. if(this.configValueEditorsActive){ StringArrayPropertyEditorsae=newStringArrayPropertyEditor(); this.defaultEditors.put(String[].class,sae); this.defaultEditors.put(short[].class,sae); this.defaultEditors.put(int[].class,sae); this.defaultEditors.put(long[].class,sae); } }
下面挑选一些常用的数据类型,举例说明它们的绑定方式
1.基本数据类型(以int为例,其他类似):
Controller代码:
@RequestMapping("test.do") publicvoidtest(intnum){ }
JSP表单代码:
......
表单中input的name值和Controller的参数变量名保持一致,就能完成基本数据类型的数据绑定,如果不一致可以使用@RequestParam标注实现。值得一提的是,如果Controller方法参数中定义的是基本数据类型,但是从jsp提交过来的数据为null或者""的话,会出现数据转换的异常。也就是说,必须保证表单传递过来的数据不能为null或"",所以,在开发过程中,对可能为空的数据,最好将参数数据类型定义成包装类型,具体参见下面的第二条。
2.包装类型(以Integer为例,其他类似):
Controller代码:
@RequestMapping("test.do") publicvoidtest(Integernum){ }
JSP表单代码:
......
和基本数据类型基本一样,不同之处在于,JSP表单传递过来的数据可以为null或"",以上面代码为例,如果jsp中num为""或者表单中无num这个input,那么,Controller方法参数中的num值则为null。
3.自定义对象类型:
Model代码:
publicclassUser{ privateStringfirstName; privateStringlastName; publicStringgetFirstName(){ returnfirstName; } publicvoidsetFirstName(StringfirstName){ this.firstName=firstName; } publicStringgetLastName(){ returnlastName; } publicvoidsetLastName(StringlastName){ this.lastName=lastName; } }
Controller代码:
@RequestMapping("test.do") publicvoidtest(Useruser){ }
JSP表单代码:
......
非常简单,只需将对象的属性名和input的name值一一对应即可。
4.自定义复合对象类型:
Model代码:
publicclassContactInfo{ privateStringtel; privateStringaddress; publicStringgetTel(){ returntel; } publicvoidsetTel(Stringtel){ this.tel=tel; } publicStringgetAddress(){ returnaddress; } publicvoidsetAddress(Stringaddress){ this.address=address; } } publicclassUser{ privateStringfirstName; privateStringlastName; privateContactInfocontactInfo; publicStringgetFirstName(){ returnfirstName; } publicvoidsetFirstName(StringfirstName){ this.firstName=firstName; } publicStringgetLastName(){ returnlastName; } publicvoidsetLastName(StringlastName){ this.lastName=lastName; } publicContactInfogetContactInfo(){ returncontactInfo; } publicvoidsetContactInfo(ContactInfocontactInfo){ this.contactInfo=contactInfo; } }
Controller代码:
@RequestMapping("test.do") publicvoidtest(Useruser){ System.out.println(user.getFirstName()); System.out.println(user.getLastName()); System.out.println(user.getContactInfo().getTel()); System.out.println(user.getContactInfo().getAddress()); }
JSP表单代码:
User对象中有ContactInfo属性,Controller中的代码和第3点说的一致,但是,在jsp代码中,需要使用“属性名(对象类型的属性).属性名”来命名input的name。
5.List绑定:
List需要绑定在对象上,而不能直接写在Controller方法的参数中。
Model代码:
publicclassUser{ privateStringfirstName; privateStringlastName; publicStringgetFirstName(){ returnfirstName; } publicvoidsetFirstName(StringfirstName){ this.firstName=firstName; } publicStringgetLastName(){ returnlastName; } publicvoidsetLastName(StringlastName){ this.lastName=lastName; } } publicclassUserListForm{ privateListusers; publicList getUsers(){ returnusers; } publicvoidsetUsers(List users){ this.users=users; } }
Controller代码:
@RequestMapping("test.do") publicvoidtest(UserListFormuserForm){ for(Useruser:userForm.getUsers()){ System.out.println(user.getFirstName()+"-"+user.getLastName()); } }
JSP表单代码:
FirstName LastName
其实,这和第4点User对象中的contantInfo数据的绑定有点类似,但是这里的UserListForm对象里面的属性被定义成List,而不是普通自定义对象。所以,在JSP中需要指定List的下标。值得一提的是,Spring会创建一个以最大下标值为size的List对象,所以,如果JSP表单中有动态添加行、删除行的情况,就需要特别注意,譬如一个表格,用户在使用过程中经过多次删除行、增加行的操作之后,下标值就会与实际大小不一致,这时候,List中的对象,只有在jsp表单中对应有下标的那些才会有值,否则会为null,看个例子:
JSP表单代码:
FirstName LastName
这个时候,Controller中的userForm.getUsers()获取到List的size为21,而且这21个User对象都不会为null,但是,第2到第19的User对象中的firstName和lastName都为null。打印结果:
aaa-bbb ccc-ddd null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null null-null eee-fff
6.Set绑定:
Set和List类似,也需要绑定在对象上,而不能直接写在Controller方法的参数中。但是,绑定Set数据时,必须先在Set对象中add相应的数量的模型对象。
Model代码:
publicclassUser{ privateStringfirstName; privateStringlastName; publicStringgetFirstName(){ returnfirstName; } publicvoidsetFirstName(StringfirstName){ this.firstName=firstName; } publicStringgetLastName(){ returnlastName; } publicvoidsetLastName(StringlastName){ this.lastName=lastName; } } publicclassUserSetForm{ privateSetusers=newHashSet (); publicUserSetForm(){ users.add(newUser()); users.add(newUser()); users.add(newUser()); } publicSet getUsers(){ returnusers; } publicvoidsetUsers(Set users){ this.users=users; } }
Controller代码:
@RequestMapping("test.do") publicvoidtest(UserSetFormuserForm){ for(Useruser:userForm.getUsers()){ System.out.println(user.getFirstName()+"-"+user.getLastName()); } }
JSP表单代码:
FirstName LastName
基本和List绑定类似。
需要特别提醒的是,如果最大下标值大于Set的size,则会抛出org.springframework.beans.InvalidPropertyException异常。所以,在使用时有些不便。暂时没找到解决方法,如果有网友知道,请回帖共享你的做法。
5.Map绑定:
Map最为灵活,它也需要绑定在对象上,而不能直接写在Controller方法的参数中。
Model代码:
publicclassUser{ privateStringfirstName; privateStringlastName; publicStringgetFirstName(){ returnfirstName; } publicvoidsetFirstName(StringfirstName){ this.firstName=firstName; } publicStringgetLastName(){ returnlastName; } publicvoidsetLastName(StringlastName){ this.lastName=lastName; } } publicclassUserMapForm{ privateMapusers; publicMap getUsers(){ returnusers; } publicvoidsetUsers(Map users){ this.users=users; } }
Controller代码:
@RequestMapping("test.do") publicvoidtest(UserMapFormuserForm){ for(Map.Entryentry:userForm.getUsers().entrySet()){ System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+entry.getValue().getFirstName()+"-"+ entry.getValue().getLastName()); } }
JSP表单代码:
FirstName LastName
打印结果:
x:aaa-bbb y:ccc-ddd z:eee-fff
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