使用HttpClient调用接口的实例讲解

2023-09-23 16:31:21 292

一，编写返回对象

publicclassHttpResult{
//响应的状态码
privateintcode;

//响应的响应体
privateStringbody;
get/set…
}

二，封装HttpClient

packagecn.xxxxxx.httpclient;

importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.List;
importjava.util.Map;

importorg.apache.http.NameValuePair;
importorg.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
importorg.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
importorg.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
importorg.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
importorg.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
importorg.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

publicclassAPIService{

privateCloseableHttpClienthttpClient;

publicAPIService(){
//1创建HttpClinet，相当于打开浏览器
this.httpClient=HttpClients.createDefault();
}

/**
*带参数的get请求
*
*@paramurl
*@parammap
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicHttpResultdoGet(Stringurl,Mapmap)throwsException{

//声明URIBuilder
URIBuilderuriBuilder=newURIBuilder(url);

//判断参数map是否为非空
if(map!=null){
//遍历参数
for(Map.Entryentry:map.entrySet()){
//设置参数
uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue().toString());
}
}

//2创建httpGet对象，相当于设置url请求地址
HttpGethttpGet=newHttpGet(uriBuilder.build());

//3使用HttpClient执行httpGet，相当于按回车，发起请求
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=this.httpClient.execute(httpGet);

//4解析结果，封装返回对象httpResult，相当于显示相应的结果
//状态码
//response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
//响应体，字符串，如果response.getEntity()为空，下面这个代码会报错,所以解析之前要做非空的判断
//EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
HttpResulthttpResult=null;
//解析数据封装HttpResult
if(response.getEntity()!=null){
httpResult=newHttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),
EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"));
}else{
httpResult=newHttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),"");
}

//返回
returnhttpResult;
}

/**
*不带参数的get请求
*
*@paramurl
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicHttpResultdoGet(Stringurl)throwsException{
HttpResulthttpResult=this.doGet(url,null);
returnhttpResult;
}

/**
*带参数的post请求
*
*@paramurl
*@parammap
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicHttpResultdoPost(Stringurl,Mapmap)throwsException{
//声明httpPost请求
HttpPosthttpPost=newHttpPost(url);

//判断map不为空
if(map!=null){
//声明存放参数的List集合
Listparams=newArrayList();

//遍历map，设置参数到list中
for(Map.Entryentry:map.entrySet()){
params.add(newBasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue().toString()));
}

//创建form表单对象
UrlEncodedFormEntityformEntity=newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8");

//把表单对象设置到httpPost中
httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);
}

//使用HttpClient发起请求，返回response
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=this.httpClient.execute(httpPost);

//解析response封装返回对象httpResult
HttpResulthttpResult=null;
if(response.getEntity()!=null){
httpResult=newHttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),
EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"));
}else{
httpResult=newHttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),"");
}

//返回结果
returnhttpResult;
}

/**
*不带参数的post请求
*
*@paramurl
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicHttpResultdoPost(Stringurl)throwsException{
HttpResulthttpResult=this.doPost(url,null);
returnhttpResult;
}

/**
*带参数的Put请求
*
*@paramurl
*@parammap
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicHttpResultdoPut(Stringurl,Mapmap)throwsException{
//声明httpPost请求
HttpPuthttpPut=newHttpPut(url);

//判断map不为空
if(map!=null){
//声明存放参数的List集合
Listparams=newArrayList();

//遍历map，设置参数到list中
for(Map.Entryentry:map.entrySet()){
params.add(newBasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue().toString()));
}

//创建form表单对象
UrlEncodedFormEntityformEntity=newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8");

//把表单对象设置到httpPost中
httpPut.setEntity(formEntity);
}

//使用HttpClient发起请求，返回response
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=this.httpClient.execute(httpPut);

//解析response封装返回对象httpResult
HttpResulthttpResult=null;
if(response.getEntity()!=null){
httpResult=newHttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),
EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"));
}else{
httpResult=newHttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),"");
}

//返回结果
returnhttpResult;
}

/**
*带参数的Delete请求
*
*@paramurl
*@parammap
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicHttpResultdoDelete(Stringurl,Mapmap)throwsException{

//声明URIBuilder
URIBuilderuriBuilder=newURIBuilder(url);

//判断参数map是否为非空
if(map!=null){
//遍历参数
for(Map.Entryentry:map.entrySet()){
//设置参数
uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue().toString());
}
}

//2创建httpGet对象，相当于设置url请求地址
HttpDeletehttpDelete=newHttpDelete(uriBuilder.build());

//3使用HttpClient执行httpGet，相当于按回车，发起请求
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=this.httpClient.execute(httpDelete);

//4解析结果，封装返回对象httpResult，相当于显示相应的结果
//状态码
//response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
//响应体，字符串，如果response.getEntity()为空，下面这个代码会报错,所以解析之前要做非空的判断
//EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
HttpResulthttpResult=null;
//解析数据封装HttpResult
if(response.getEntity()!=null){
httpResult=newHttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),
EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"));
}else{
httpResult=newHttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),"");
}

//返回
returnhttpResult;
}

}

三，调用接口

packagecn.xxxxxx.httpclient.test;

importjava.util.HashMap;
importjava.util.Map;

importorg.junit.Before;
importorg.junit.Test;

importcn.itcast.httpclient.APIService;
importcn.itcast.httpclient.HttpResult;

publicclassAPIServiceTest{

privateAPIServiceapiService;

@Before
publicvoidinit(){
this.apiService=newAPIService();
}

//查询
@Test
publicvoidtestQueryItemById()throwsException{
//http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

Stringurl="http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/42";

HttpResulthttpResult=this.apiService.doGet(url);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());
System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

//新增
@Test
publicvoidtestSaveItem()throwsException{
//http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

Stringurl="http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface";

Mapmap=newHashMap();
//title=测试RESTful风格的接口&price=1000&num=1&cid=888&status=1
map.put("title","测试APIService调用新增接口");
map.put("price","1000");
map.put("num","1");
map.put("cid","666");
map.put("status","1");

HttpResulthttpResult=this.apiService.doPost(url,map);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());
System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

//修改

@Test
publicvoidtestUpdateItem()throwsException{
//http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

Stringurl="http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface";

Mapmap=newHashMap();
//title=测试RESTful风格的接口&price=1000&num=1&cid=888&status=1
map.put("title","测试APIService调用修改接口");
map.put("id","44");

HttpResulthttpResult=this.apiService.doPut(url,map);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());
System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

//删除
@Test
publicvoidtestDeleteItemById()throwsException{
//http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

Stringurl="http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/44";

HttpResulthttpResult=this.apiService.doDelete(url,null);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());
System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

}

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使用HttpClient调用接口的实例讲解

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