Jedis对redis的五大类型操作代码详解
本篇主要阐述Jedis对redis的五大类型的操作：字符串、列表、散列、集合、有序集合。
JedisUtil
这里的测试用例采用junit4进行运行，准备代码如下：
privatestaticfinalStringipAddr="10.10.195.112";
privatestaticfinalintport=6379;
privatestaticJedisjedis=null;
@BeforeClass
publicstaticvoidinit()
{
jedis=JedisUtil.getInstance().getJedis(ipAddr,port);
}
@AfterClass
publicstaticvoidclose()
{
JedisUtil.getInstance().closeJedis(jedis,ipAddr,port);
}
其中JedisUtil是对jedis做的简单封装，代码如下：
importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
importjava.util.HashMap;
importjava.util.Map;
importredis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
importredis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
importredis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
publicclassJedisUtil
{
privateLoggerlogger=Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
privateJedisUtil(){
}
privatestaticclassRedisUtilHolder{
privatestaticfinalJedisUtilinstance=newJedisUtil();
}
publicstaticJedisUtilgetInstance(){
returnRedisUtilHolder.instance;
}
privatestaticMapmaps=newHashMap();
privatestaticJedisPoolgetPool(Stringip,intport){
Stringkey=ip+":"+port;
JedisPoolpool=null;
if(!maps.containsKey(key))
{
JedisPoolConfigconfig=newJedisPoolConfig();
config.setMaxActive(RedisConfig.MAX_ACTIVE);
config.setMaxIdle(RedisConfig.MAX_IDLE);
config.setMaxWait(RedisConfig.MAX_WAIT);
config.setTestOnBorrow(true);
config.setTestOnReturn(true);
pool=newJedisPool(config,ip,port,RedisConfig.TIMEOUT);
maps.put(key,pool);
}else
{
pool=maps.get(key);
}
returnpool;
}
publicJedisgetJedis(Stringip,intport)
{
Jedisjedis=null;
intcount=0;
do
{
try
{
jedis=getPool(ip,port).getResource();
}
catch(Exceptione)
{
logger.error("getredismaster1failed!",e);
getPool(ip,port).returnBrokenResource(jedis);
}
}
while(jedis==null&&count
键操作
@TestpublicvoidtestKey()throwsInterruptedException
{
System.out.println("清空数据："+jedis.flushDB());
System.out.println("判断某个键是否存在："+jedis.exists("username"));
System.out.println("新增<'username','zzh'>的键值对："+jedis.set("username","zzh"));
System.out.println(jedis.exists("name"));
System.out.println("新增<'password','password'>的键值对："+jedis.set("password","password"));
System.out.print("系统中所有的键如下：");
Setkeys=jedis.keys("*");
System.out.println(keys);
System.out.println("删除键password:"+jedis.del("password"));
System.out.println("判断键password是否存在："+jedis.exists("password"));
System.out.println("设置键username的过期时间为5s:"+jedis.expire("username",5));
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
System.out.println("查看键username的剩余生存时间："+jedis.ttl("username"));
System.out.println("移除键username的生存时间："+jedis.persist("username"));
System.out.println("查看键username的剩余生存时间："+jedis.ttl("username"));
System.out.println("查看键username所存储的值的类型："+jedis.type("username"));
}
输出结果：
清空数据：OK
判断某个键是否存在：false
新增<'username','zzh'>的键值对：OK
false
新增<'password','password'>的键值对：OK
系统中所有的键如下：[username,password]
删除键password:1
判断键password是否存在：false
设置键username的过期时间为5s:1
查看键username的剩余生存时间：3
移除键username的生存时间：1
查看键username的剩余生存时间：-1
查看键username所存储的值的类型：string
字符串操作
在Redis里面，字符串可以存储三种类型的值：
字节串(bytestring)
整数
浮点数
字节串
@TestpublicvoidtestString()throwsInterruptedException
{
jedis.flushDB();
System.out.println("===========增加数据===========");
System.out.println(jedis.set("key1","value1"));
System.out.println(jedis.set("key2","value2"));
System.out.println(jedis.set("key3","value3"));
System.out.println("删除键key2:"+jedis.del("key2"));
System.out.println("获取键key2:"+jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("修改key1:"+jedis.set("key1","value1Changed"));
System.out.println("获取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println("在key3后面加入值："+jedis.append("key3","End"));
System.out.println("key3的值："+jedis.get("key3"));
System.out.println("增加多个键值对："+jedis.mset("key01","value01","key02","value02","key03","value03"));
System.out.println("获取多个键值对："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03"));
System.out.println("获取多个键值对："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03","key04"));
System.out.println("删除多个键值对："+jedis.del(newString[]{
"key01","key02"
}
));
System.out.println("获取多个键值对："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03"));
jedis.flushDB();
System.out.println("===========新增键值对防止覆盖原先值==============");
System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key1","value1"));
System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key2","value2"));
System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key2","value2-new"));
System.out.println(jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println(jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("===========新增键值对并设置有效时间=============");
System.out.println(jedis.setex("key3",2,"value3"));
System.out.println(jedis.get("key3"));
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
System.out.println(jedis.get("key3"));
System.out.println("===========获取原值，更新为新值==========");
//GETSETisanatomicsetthisvalueandreturntheoldvaluecommand.
System.out.println(jedis.getSet("key2","key2GetSet"));
System.out.println(jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("获得key2的值的字串："+jedis.getrange("key2",2,4));
}
输出结果：
===========增加数据===========
OK
OK
OK
删除键key2:1
获取键key2:null
修改key1:OK
获取key1的值：value1Changed
在key3后面加入值：9
key3的值：value3End
增加多个键值对：OK
获取多个键值对：[value01,value02,value03]
获取多个键值对：[value01,value02,value03,null]
删除多个键值对：2
获取多个键值对：[null,null,value03]
===========新增键值对防止覆盖原先值==============
1
1
0
value1
value2
===========新增键值对并设置有效时间=============
OK
value3
null
===========获取原值，更新为新值==========
value2
key2GetSet
获得key2的值的字串：y2G
memcached和redis同样有append的操作，但是memcached有prepend的操作，redis中并没有。
整数和浮点数
@TestpublicvoidtestNumber()
{
jedis.flushDB();
jedis.set("key1","1");
jedis.set("key2","2");
jedis.set("key3","2.3");
System.out.println("key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println("key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("key1的值加1："+jedis.incr("key1"));
System.out.println("获取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println("key2的值减1："+jedis.decr("key2"));
System.out.println("获取key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("将key1的值加上整数5："+jedis.incrBy("key1",5));
System.out.println("获取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println("将key2的值减去整数5："+jedis.decrBy("key2",5));
System.out.println("获取key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));
}
输出结果：
key1的值：1
key2的值：2
key1的值加1：2
获取key1的值：2
key2的值减1：1
获取key2的值：1
将key1的值加上整数5：7
获取key1的值：7
将key2的值减去整数5：-4
获取key2的值：-4
在redis2.6或以上版本中有这个命令：incrbyfloat，即将键存储的值加上浮点数amount，jedis-2.1.0中不支持这一操作。
列表
@TestpublicvoidtestList()
{
jedis.flushDB();
System.out.println("===========添加一个list===========");
jedis.lpush("collections","ArrayList","Vector","Stack","HashMap","WeakHashMap","LinkedHashMap");
jedis.lpush("collections","HashSet");
jedis.lpush("collections","TreeSet");
jedis.lpush("collections","TreeMap");
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,-1));//-1代表倒数第一个元素，-2代表倒数第二个元素
System.out.println("collections区间0-3的元素："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,3));
System.out.println("===============================");
//删除列表指定的值，第二个参数为删除的个数（有重复时），后add进去的值先被删，类似于出栈
System.out.println("删除指定元素个数："+jedis.lrem("collections",2,"HashMap"));
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,-1));
System.out.println("删除下表0-3区间之外的元素："+jedis.ltrim("collections",0,3));
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,-1));
System.out.println("collections列表出栈（左端）："+jedis.lpop("collections"));
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,-1));
System.out.println("collections添加元素，从列表右端，与lpush相对应："+jedis.rpush("collections","EnumMap"));
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,-1));
System.out.println("collections列表出栈（右端）："+jedis.rpop("collections"));
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,-1));
System.out.println("修改collections指定下标1的内容："+jedis.lset("collections",1,"LinkedArrayList"));
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,-1));
System.out.println("===============================");
System.out.println("collections的长度："+jedis.llen("collections"));
System.out.println("获取collections下标为2的元素："+jedis.lindex("collections",2));
System.out.println("===============================");
jedis.lpush("sortedList","3","6","2","0","7","4");
System.out.println("sortedList排序前："+jedis.lrange("sortedList",0,-1));
System.out.println(jedis.sort("sortedList"));
System.out.println("sortedList排序后："+jedis.lrange("sortedList",0,-1));
}
输出结果：
===========添加一个list===========
collections的内容：[TreeMap,TreeSet,HashSet,LinkedHashMap,WeakHashMap,HashMap,Stack,Vector,ArrayList]
collections区间0-3的元素：[TreeMap,TreeSet,HashSet,LinkedHashMap]
===============================
删除指定元素个数：1
collections的内容：[TreeMap,TreeSet,HashSet,LinkedHashMap,WeakHashMap,Stack,Vector,ArrayList]
删除下表0-3区间之外的元素：OK
collections的内容：[TreeMap,TreeSet,HashSet,LinkedHashMap]
collections列表出栈（左端）：TreeMap
collections的内容：[TreeSet,HashSet,LinkedHashMap]
collections添加元素，从列表右端，与lpush相对应：4
collections的内容：[TreeSet,HashSet,LinkedHashMap,EnumMap]
collections列表出栈（右端）：EnumMap
collections的内容：[TreeSet,HashSet,LinkedHashMap]
修改collections指定下标1的内容：OK
collections的内容：[TreeSet,LinkedArrayList,LinkedHashMap]
===============================
collections的长度：3
获取collections下标为2的元素：LinkedHashMap
===============================
sortedList排序前：[4,7,0,2,6,3]
[0,2,3,4,6,7]
sortedList排序后：[4,7,0,2,6,3]
Redis中还有阻塞式的列表弹出命令以及在列表之间移动元素的命令：blpop,brpop,rpoplpush,brpoplpush等。
集合（Set）
@TestpublicvoidtestSet()
{
jedis.flushDB();
System.out.println("============向集合中添加元素============");
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet","e1","e2","e4","e3","e0","e8","e7","e5"));
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet","e6"));
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet","e6"));
System.out.println("eleSet的所有元素为："+jedis.smembers("eleSet"));
System.out.println("删除一个元素e0："+jedis.srem("eleSet","e0"));
System.out.println("eleSet的所有元素为："+jedis.smembers("eleSet"));
System.out.println("删除两个元素e7和e6："+jedis.srem("eleSet","e7","e6"));
System.out.println("eleSet的所有元素为："+jedis.smembers("eleSet"));
System.out.println("随机的移除集合中的一个元素："+jedis.spop("eleSet"));
System.out.println("随机的移除集合中的一个元素："+jedis.spop("eleSet"));
System.out.println("eleSet的所有元素为："+jedis.smembers("eleSet"));
System.out.println("eleSet中包含元素的个数："+jedis.scard("eleSet"));
System.out.println("e3是否在eleSet中："+jedis.sismember("eleSet","e3"));
System.out.println("e1是否在eleSet中："+jedis.sismember("eleSet","e1"));
System.out.println("e1是否在eleSet中："+jedis.sismember("eleSet","e5"));
System.out.println("=================================");
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet1","e1","e2","e4","e3","e0","e8","e7","e5"));
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet2","e1","e2","e4","e3","e0","e8"));
System.out.println("将eleSet1中删除e1并存入eleSet3中："+jedis.smove("eleSet1","eleSet3","e1"));
System.out.println("将eleSet1中删除e2并存入eleSet3中："+jedis.smove("eleSet1","eleSet3","e2"));
System.out.println("eleSet1中的元素："+jedis.smembers("eleSet1"));
System.out.println("eleSet3中的元素："+jedis.smembers("eleSet3"));
System.out.println("============集合运算=================");
System.out.println("eleSet1中的元素："+jedis.smembers("eleSet1"));
System.out.println("eleSet2中的元素："+jedis.smembers("eleSet2"));
System.out.println("eleSet1和eleSet2的交集:"+jedis.sinter("eleSet1","eleSet2"));
System.out.println("eleSet1和eleSet2的并集:"+jedis.sunion("eleSet1","eleSet2"));
System.out.println("eleSet1和eleSet2的差集:"+jedis.sdiff("eleSet1","eleSet2"));//eleSet1中有，eleSet2中没有
}
输出结果：
============向集合中添加元素============
8
1
0
eleSet的所有元素为：[e3,e4,e1,e2,e0,e8,e7,e6,e5]
删除一个元素e0：1
eleSet的所有元素为：[e3,e4,e1,e2,e8,e7,e6,e5]
删除两个元素e7和e6：2
eleSet的所有元素为：[e3,e4,e1,e2,e8,e5]
随机的移除集合中的一个元素：e5
随机的移除集合中的一个元素：e2
eleSet的所有元素为：[e3,e4,e1,e8]
eleSet中包含元素的个数：4
e3是否在eleSet中：true
e1是否在eleSet中：true
e1是否在eleSet中：false
=================================
8
6
将eleSet1中删除e1并存入eleSet3中：1
将eleSet1中删除e2并存入eleSet3中：1
eleSet1中的元素：[e3,e4,e0,e8,e7,e5]
eleSet3中的元素：[e1,e2]
============集合运算=================
eleSet1中的元素：[e3,e4,e0,e8,e7,e5]
eleSet2中的元素：[e3,e4,e1,e2,e0,e8]
eleSet1和eleSet2的交集:[e3,e4,e0,e8]
eleSet1和eleSet2的并集:[e3,e4,e1,e2,e0,e8,e7,e5]
eleSet1和eleSet2的差集:[e7,e5]
关于Set还有一些其他命令：srandmember,sdiffstore,sinterstore,sunionstore等。
散列
@TestpublicvoidtestHash()
{
jedis.flushDB();
Mapmap=newHashMap<>();
map.put("key1","value1");
map.put("key2","value2");
map.put("key3","value3");
map.put("key4","value4");
jedis.hmset("hash",map);
jedis.hset("hash","key5","value5");
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键值对为："+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));//returnMap
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键为："+jedis.hkeys("hash"));//returnSet
System.out.println("散列hash的所有值为："+jedis.hvals("hash"));//returnList
System.out.println("将key6保存的值加上一个整数，如果key6不存在则添加key6："+jedis.hincrBy("hash","key6",6));
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键值对为："+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
System.out.println("将key6保存的值加上一个整数，如果key6不存在则添加key6："+jedis.hincrBy("hash","key6",3));
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键值对为："+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
System.out.println("删除一个或者多个键值对："+jedis.hdel("hash","key2"));
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键值对为："+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
System.out.println("散列hash中键值对的个数："+jedis.hlen("hash"));
System.out.println("判断hash中是否存在key2："+jedis.hexists("hash","key2"));
System.out.println("判断hash中是否存在key3："+jedis.hexists("hash","key3"));
System.out.println("获取hash中的值："+jedis.hmget("hash","key3"));
System.out.println("获取hash中的值："+jedis.hmget("hash","key3","key4"));
}
输出结果：
散列hash的所有键值对为：{key4=value4,key3=value3,key5=value5,key2=value2,key1=value1}
散列hash的所有键为：[key4,key3,key5,key2,key1]
散列hash的所有值为：[value4,value3,value1,value2,value5]
将key6保存的值加上一个整数，如果key6不存在则添加key6：6
散列hash的所有键值对为：{key4=value4,key3=value3,key6=6,key5=value5,key2=value2,key1=value1}
将key6保存的值加上一个整数，如果key6不存在则添加key6：9
散列hash的所有键值对为：{key4=value4,key3=value3,key6=9,key5=value5,key2=value2,key1=value1}
删除一个或者多个键值对：1
散列hash的所有键值对为：{key4=value4,key3=value3,key6=9,key5=value5,key1=value1}
散列hash中键值对的个数：5
判断hash中是否存在key2：false
判断hash中是否存在key3：true
获取hash中的值：[value3]
获取hash中的值：[value3,value4]
有序集合
@TestpublicvoidtestSortedSet()
{
jedis.flushDB();
Mapmap=newHashMap<>();
map.put(1.2,"key2");
map.put(4.0,"key3");
map.put(5.0,"key4");
map.put(0.2,"key5");
System.out.println(jedis.zadd("zset",3,"key1"));
System.out.println(jedis.zadd("zset",map));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrange("zset",0,-1));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrangeWithScores("zset",0,-1));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrangeByScore("zset",0,100));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrangeByScoreWithScores("zset",0,100));
System.out.println("zset中key2的分值："+jedis.zscore("zset","key2"));
System.out.println("zset中key2的排名："+jedis.zrank("zset","key2"));
System.out.println("删除zset中的元素key3："+jedis.zrem("zset","key3"));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrange("zset",0,-1));
System.out.println("zset中元素的个数："+jedis.zcard("zset"));
System.out.println("zset中分值在1-4之间的元素的个数："+jedis.zcount("zset",1,4));
System.out.println("key2的分值加上5："+jedis.zincrby("zset",5,"key2"));
System.out.println("key3的分值加上4："+jedis.zincrby("zset",4,"key3"));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrange("zset",0,-1));
}
输出结果：
1
4
zset中的所有元素：[key5,key2,key1,key3,key4]
zset中的所有元素：[[[107,101,121,53],0.2],[[107,101,121,50],1.2],[[107,101,121,49],3.0],[[107,101,121,51],4.0],[[107,101,121,52],5.0]]
zset中的所有元素：[key5,key2,key1,key3,key4]
zset中的所有元素：[[[107,101,121,53],0.2],[[107,101,121,50],1.2],[[107,101,121,49],3.0],[[107,101,121,51],4.0],[[107,101,121,52],5.0]]
zset中key2的分值：1.2
zset中key2的排名：1
删除zset中的元素key3：1
zset中的所有元素：[key5,key2,key1,key4]
zset中元素的个数：4
zset中分值在1-4之间的元素的个数：2
key2的分值加上5：6.2
key3的分值加上4：4.0
zset中的所有元素：[key5,key1,key3,key4,key2]
有序集合还有诸如zinterstore,zunionstore,zremrangebyscore,zremrangebyrank,zrevrank,zrevrange,zrangebyscore等命令。
排序sort
@TestpublicvoidtestSort()
{
jedis.flushDB();
jedis.lpush("collections","ArrayList","Vector","Stack","HashMap","WeakHashMap","LinkedHashMap");
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections",0,-1));
SortingParamssortingParameters=newSortingParams();
System.out.println(jedis.sort("collections",sortingParameters.alpha()));
System.out.println("===============================");
jedis.lpush("sortedList","3","6","2","0","7","4");
System.out.println("sortedList排序前："+jedis.lrange("sortedList",0,-1));
System.out.println("升序："+jedis.sort("sortedList",sortingParameters.asc()));
System.out.println("升序："+jedis.sort("sortedList",sortingParameters.desc()));
System.out.println("===============================");
jedis.lpush("userlist","33");
jedis.lpush("userlist","22");
jedis.lpush("userlist","55");
jedis.lpush("userlist","11");
jedis.hset("user:66","name","66");
jedis.hset("user:55","name","55");
jedis.hset("user:33","name","33");
jedis.hset("user:22","name","79");
jedis.hset("user:11","name","24");
jedis.hset("user:11","add","beijing");
jedis.hset("user:22","add","shanghai");
jedis.hset("user:33","add","guangzhou");
jedis.hset("user:55","add","chongqing");
jedis.hset("user:66","add","xi'an");
sortingParameters=newSortingParams();
sortingParameters.get("user:*->name");
sortingParameters.get("user:*->add");
System.out.println(jedis.sort("userlist",sortingParameters));
}
输出结果：
collections的内容：[LinkedHashMap,WeakHashMap,HashMap,Stack,Vector,ArrayList]
[ArrayList,HashMap,LinkedHashMap,Stack,Vector,WeakHashMap]
===============================
sortedList排序前：[4,7,0,2,6,3]
升序：[0,2,3,4,6,7]
升序：[7,6,4,3,2,0]
===============================
[24,beijing,79,shanghai,33,guangzhou,55,chongqing]
总结
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