iOS中的地理位置的获取及plist设置方法
1、在前台的时候获取地理位置信息
ios8/9
在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否则上面的方法无效
调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限
调用.startUpdatingLocation()
代码示例
classViewController:UIViewController{
lazyvarlocateM:CLLocationManager={
letlocate=CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate=self
locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
returnlocate
}()
overridefunctouchesBegan(touches:Set,withEventevent:UIEvent?){
self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
}
}
extensionViewController:CLLocationManagerDelegate{
funclocationManager(manager:CLLocationManager,didUpdateLocationslocations:[CLLocation]){
print("位置信息已经更新")
}
}
2、前后台获取，但是后台获取的时候，屏幕上方有蓝框提示用户正在后台获取
ios8
调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限
在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否则上面的方法无效
设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>LocationUpdates打对勾
调用.startUpdatingLocation()
ios9
调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限
设置.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates=true(ios9需要执行)
在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值，否则上面的方法无效
设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>LocationUpdates打对勾(如果第二步做了，此步没做，直接crash)
调用.startUpdatingLocation()
ios8/ios9可以后台蓝框定位的代码示例:
classViewController:UIViewController{
lazyvarlocateM:CLLocationManager={
letlocate=CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate=self
locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
if#available(iOS9.0,*){
locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates=true
}
returnlocate
}()
overridefunctouchesBegan(touches:Set,withEventevent:UIEvent?){
self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
}
}
extensionViewController:CLLocationManagerDelegate{
funclocationManager(manager:CLLocationManager,didUpdateLocationslocations:[CLLocation]){
print("位置信息已经更新")
}
}
3、后台获取，后台获取的时候，屏幕上方无蓝框提示
调用.requestAlwaysAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限
在info.plist中配置NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription的值，否则上面的方法无效
设置.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates=true(ios9需要执行)
设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>LocationUpdates打对勾(本步骤在ios8中可以不做设置，但是在ios9中如果第三步做了，而此步没有做，直接crash)
调用.startUpdatingLocation()
代码示例
classViewController:UIViewController{
lazyvarlocateM:CLLocationManager={
letlocate=CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate=self
locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
if#available(iOS9.0,*){
locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates=true
}
returnlocate
}()
overridefunctouchesBegan(touches:Set,withEventevent:UIEvent?){
self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()
}
}
extensionViewController:CLLocationManagerDelegate{
funclocationManager(manager:CLLocationManager,didUpdateLocationslocations:[CLLocation]){
print("位置信息已经更新")
}
}
4、权限改变的通知
注意：在Denied或者NotDetermined的状态下startUpdatingLocation,开始监听之后,当状态改变成允许的状态时，会直接进入监听状态，不必再次调用startUpdateingLocation
funclocationManager(manager:CLLocationManager,didChangeAuthorizationStatusstatus:CLAuthorizationStatus){
switchstatus{
case.AuthorizedAlways:
print("始终")
case.AuthorizedWhenInUse:
print("使用的时候")
case.Denied:
print("拒绝")
ifCLLocationManager.locationServicesEnabled(){
print("真拒绝了")
}else{
print("是关闭了定位服务")
}
case.NotDetermined:
print("第一次，尚未决定")
case.Restricted:
print("没有权限的")
}
}
5、过滤距离
很多时候我们需要监听函数只调用一次来获取用户当前的位置
在监听函数中停止监听
设置监听的过滤距离
//如果监听器已经开启,此值修改之后立即生效 self.locateM.distanceFilter=100//每100米，调用一次监听
6、精度
注意：越精确越耗电,定位的时间越长，如果要定位城市，没有必要选最精确的
self.locateM.desiredAccuracy=kCLLocationAccuracyBest //kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation //kCLLocationAccuracyBest //kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters //kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters //kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer //kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers
7.CLLocation详解
publicvarcoordinate:CLLocationCoordinate2D{get}//经纬度
publicvaraltitude:CLLocationDistance{get}//海拔
publicvarhorizontalAccuracy:CLLocationAccuracy{get}//位置信息是否有效，如果为负数，则无效
publicvarverticalAccuracy:CLLocationAccuracy{get}//海拔数据是否有效，如果为负数，则无效
publicvarcourse:CLLocationDirection{get}//当前的角度(0-359.9)
publicvarspeed:CLLocationSpeed{get}//当前的速度
publicvartimestamp:NSDate{get}//位置确定的时间戳
publicvarfloor:CLFloor?{get}//楼层(前提是已经注册的建筑),如果没有为nil
//计算两个经纬度之间的距离
publicfuncdistanceFromLocation(location:CLLocation)->CLLocationDistance
8、指南针小例子
classViewController:UIViewController{
@IBOutletweakvarmImageView:UIImageView!
lazyvarlocateM:CLLocationManager={
letlocate=CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate=self
locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
if#available(iOS9.0,*){
locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates=true
}
returnlocate
}()
overridefuncviewDidLoad(){
super.viewDidLoad()
if(CLLocationManager.headingAvailable()){
self.locateM.startUpdatingHeading()
}else{
print("当前磁力计有问题")
}
}
}
extensionViewController:CLLocationManagerDelegate{
funclocationManager(manager:CLLocationManager,didUpdateHeadingnewHeading:CLHeading){
//1.拿到当前设备对正朝向的角度
letangle=newHeading.magneticHeading
//2.把角度转换成弧度
lethudu=CGFloat(angle/180*M_PI)
//3.反向旋转照片
UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5){
self.mImageView.transform=CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(-hudu)
}
}
}
9、区域的监听
classViewController:UIViewController{
lazyvarlocateM:CLLocationManager={
letlocate=CLLocationManager()
locate.delegate=self
locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
if#available(iOS9.0,*){
locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates=true
}
returnlocate
}()
overridefuncviewDidLoad(){
super.viewDidLoad()
//首先应该判断当前是否可以监听某个区域
ifCLLocationManager.isMonitoringAvailableForClass(CLCircularRegion){
//1.创建区域
letcenter=CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(21.123,121.345)
vardistance:CLLocationDistance=1000
//限制监听的范围不能超过最大的范围
ifdistance
10、地理编码与反地理编码
地理编码
letgeoCoder=CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("广州"){(pls:[CLPlacemark]?,error:NSError?)in
iferror==nil{
print("地址编码成功")
print(pls?.last?.location)
}else{
print("错误\(error)")
}
}
打印
地址编码成功
Optional(<+23.12517800,+113.28063700>+/-100.00m(speed-1.00mps/course-1.00)@8/14/16,9:49:22PMChinaStandardTime)
反地理编码
letgeoCoder=CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude:113.280)){(pls:[CLPlacemark]?,error:NSError?)in
iferror==nil{
print("地址反编码成功城市:\(pls?.last?.locality)")
print(pls?.last?.addressDictionary)
}else{
print("错误\(error)")
}
}
打印
地址反编码成功城市:Optional("Guangzhou")
Optional([SubLocality:Yuexiu,Street:YunhaiTongjinNo.11,State:Guangdong,CountryCode:CN,Thoroughfare:YunhaiTongjinNo.11,Name:LuoSangmeidi,Country:China,FormattedAddressLines:<__NSArrayM0x7ff1da5652d0>(
YunhaiTongjinNo.11Yuexiu,
Guangzhou,
GuangdongChina
)
,City:Guangzhou])
注意同一个CLGeocoder对象，不能同时编码与反编码
比如
letgeoCoder=CLGeocoder()
geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("广州"){(pls:[CLPlacemark]?,error:NSError?)in
...
}
geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude:113.280)){(pls:[CLPlacemark]?,error:NSError?)in
...
}
这样只会打印第一个编码成功的结果
11、CLPlacemark对象详解
@NSCopyingpublicvarlocation:CLLocation?{get}//经纬度
@NSCopyingpublicvarregion:CLRegion?{get}//所关联的地理区域
@available(iOS9.0,*)
@NSCopyingpublicvartimeZone:NSTimeZone?{get}//时间域
publicvaraddressDictionary:[NSObject:AnyObject]?{get}//详细地址信息
//addressDictionary中的属性
publicvarname:String?{get}//名字
publicvarthoroughfare:String?{get}//街道名字
publicvarsubThoroughfare:String?{get}//子街道名字
publicvarlocality:String?{get}//城市名称
publicvarsubLocality:String?{get}//邻城市名称
publicvaradministrativeArea:String?{get}//行政区域比如:CA
publicvarsubAdministrativeArea:String?{get}//子行政区域
publicvarpostalCode:String?{get}//邮政编码
publicvarISOcountryCode:String?{get}//国家代码表
publicvarcountry:String?{get}//国家
publicvarinlandWater:String?{get}//内陆水域
publicvarocean:String?{get}//海洋
publicvarareasOfInterest:[String]?{get}//兴趣点
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