RHEL7.5下mysql 8.0.11安装教程
本文记录了RHEL7.5下mysql8.0.11安装教程,具体内容如下
首先去mysql官网下载mysql-8.0.11-el7-x86_64.tar解压。
由于mysql初始化、启动都需要用到mysql用户,所以创建一个mysql用户:
useradd-d/home/mysql-m-s/bin/bashmysql
经过测试发现系统中装有mariadb相关的mysql启动的时候会报错,于是卸载和mariadb相关的包。
[root@rhelmysql]#yumremovemariadb* Loadedplugins:axelget,fastestmirror,langpacks,product-id,search-disabled- :repos,subscription-manager Thissystemisnotregisteredwithanentitlementserver.Youcanusesubscription-managertoregister. ResolvingDependencies -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagemariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.56-2.el7willbeerased -->ProcessingDependency:libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)forpackage:2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)forpackage:2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagepostfix.x86_642:2.10.1-6.el7willbeerased -->FinishedDependencyResolution epel/x86_64/group_gz|266kB00:00 DependenciesResolved ================================================================================ PackageArchVersionRepositorySize ================================================================================ Removing: mariadb-libsx86_641:5.5.56-2.el7@base4.4M Removingfordependencies: postfixx86_642:2.10.1-6.el7@base12M TransactionSummary ================================================================================ Remove1Package(+1Dependentpackage) Installedsize:17M Isthisok[y/N]:y Downloadingpackages: Runningtransactioncheck Runningtransactiontest Transactiontestsucceeded Runningtransaction Erasing:2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_641/2 Erasing:1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_642/2 Nometadataavailableforbase Nometadataavailableforcode Nometadataavailableforepel Nometadataavailableforextras Nometadataavailableforupdates Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile *base:mirrors.aliyun.com *epel:mirrors.ustc.edu.cn *extras:mirrors.aliyun.com *updates:mirrors.aliyun.com epel/x86_64/primary_db|6.3MB00:01 Verifying:1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_641/2 Verifying:2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_642/2 Removed: mariadb-libs.x86_641:5.5.56-2.el7 DependencyRemoved: postfix.x86_642:2.10.1-6.el7 Complete!
使用如下命令初始化数据库,会在把/var/lib/mysql作为data文件的目录:
shell>bin/mysqld--initialize--user=mysql
于是我们可以在初始化的时候指定相应的文件目录:
bin/mysqld--initialize--basedir=/home/mysql--datadir=/home/mysql/data--user=mysql
初始化的时候,会生成一个临时的密码,记住该密码,等登录到mysql的时候需要用这个密码,进去后再次修改密码。
启动mysql实例:
bin/mysqld--user=mysql bin/mysqld_safebasedir=/home/mysql--datadir=/home/mysql/data--user=mysql
如果不加–user=mysql就会出现如下的提示:
2018-04-22T15:47:25.471462Z0[ERROR][MY-010123][Server]Fatalerror:Pleaseread"Security"sectionofthemanualtofindouthowtorunmysqldasroot! 2018-04-22T15:47:25.471514Z0[ERROR][MY-010119][Server]Aborting
造成mysql实例不能正常启动。
mysql启动后,使用root用户登录,使用刚刚随机生成的密码,进去后,通过如下命令修改root用户的密码,再做其他操作:
setpassword='root';
RHEL7的服务systemctl脚本存放在:/usr/lib/systemd/,有系统(system)和用户(user)之分,像需要开机不登陆就能运行的程序,还是存在系统服务里吧,即:/usr/lib/systemd/system目录下
每一个服务以.service结尾,一般会分为3部分:[Unit]、[Service]和[Install],现在把MYSQL添加进去,具体内容如下:
cat/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service [Unit] Description=mysqlServer After=Network.target After=syslog.target [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [Service] User=mysql Group=mysql Type=forking #Executepreandpostscriptsasroot PermissionsStartOnly=true #Startmainservice ExecStart=/home/mysql/bin/mysqld--daemonize ExecStop=kill-s-QUIT$MAINPID Restart=on-failure RestartPreventExitStatus=1 PrivateTmp=false
就可以通过systemctl来启动,重启,关闭mysql服务。
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