Spring Boot+Jpa多数据源配置的完整步骤

2023-09-01 17:46:04 310

关于

有时候，随着业务的发展，项目关联的数据来源会变得越来越复杂，使用的数据库会比较分散，这个时候就会采用多数据源的方式来获取数据。另外，多数据源也有其他好处，例如分布式数据库的读写分离，集成多种数据库等等。

下面分享我在实际项目中配置多数据源的案例。话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧

步骤

1.application.yml文件中，配置数据库源。这里primary是主库，secondary是从库。

server:
port:8089

#多数据源配置
#primary
spring:
primary:
datasource:
url:jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/database1?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username:root
password:******
driver-class-name:com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

#secondary
secondary:
datasource:
url:jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/database1?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username:root
password:******
driver-class-name:com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jpa:
hibernate:
primary-dialect:org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
secondary-dialect:org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
open-in-view:true
show-sql:true

2.创建一个Spring配置类，其中spring.primary.datasource的路径参考yml文件的配置。

@Configuration
publicclassDataSourceConfig{

@Bean(name="primaryDataSource")
@Qualifier("primaryDataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.primary.datasource")
publicDataSourceprimaryDataSource(){
returnDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

@Bean(name="secondaryDataSource")
@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource")
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.secondary.datasource")
publicDataSourcesecondaryDataSource(){
returnDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

}

3.分别创建主库、从库的配置类。

注意：entity包和dao包的配置，以及@Primary注解指定主库。

主库配置类：

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
entityManagerFactoryRef="entityManagerFactoryPrimary",
transactionManagerRef="transactionManagerPrimary",
basePackages={"com.infinitus.yunxiao_data.dao.primary"})//设置Repository所在位置
publicclassPrimaryConfig{
@Autowired
privateJpaPropertiesjpaProperties;

@Autowired
@Qualifier("primaryDataSource")
privateDataSourceprimaryDataSource;

@Primary
@Bean(name="entityManagerPrimary")
publicEntityManagerentityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderbuilder){
returnentityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
}

@Primary
@Bean(name="entityManagerFactoryPrimary")
publicLocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBeanentityManagerFactoryPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderbuilder){
returnbuilder
.dataSource(primaryDataSource)
.properties(getVendorProperties(primaryDataSource))
.packages("com.infinitus.yunxiao_data.entity.primary")//设置实体类所在位置
.persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit")
.build();
}


privateMapgetVendorProperties(DataSourcedataSource){
returnjpaProperties.getHibernateProperties(dataSource);
}

@Primary
@Bean(name="transactionManagerPrimary")
publicPlatformTransactionManagertransactionManagerPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderbuilder){
returnnewJpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject());
}
}

从库的配置类：

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
entityManagerFactoryRef="entityManagerFactorySecondary",
transactionManagerRef="transactionManagerSecondary",
basePackages={"com.infinitus.yunxiao_data.dao.secondary"})//设置Repository所在位置
publicclassSecondaryConfig{
@Autowired
privateJpaPropertiesjpaProperties;

@Autowired
@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource")
privateDataSourcesecondaryDataSource;

@Bean(name="entityManagerSecondary")
publicEntityManagerentityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderbuilder){
returnentityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
}

@Bean(name="entityManagerFactorySecondary")
publicLocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBeanentityManagerFactorySecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderbuilder){
returnbuilder
.dataSource(secondaryDataSource)
.properties(getVendorProperties(secondaryDataSource))
.packages("com.infinitus.yunxiao_data.entity.secondary")//设置实体类所在位置
.persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit")
.build();
}


privateMapgetVendorProperties(DataSourcedataSource){
returnjpaProperties.getHibernateProperties(dataSource);
}

@Bean(name="transactionManagerSecondary")
PlatformTransactionManagertransactionManagerSecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderbuilder){
returnnewJpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject());
}

}

4.分别创建主、从库dao类。

主dao：

@Repository
publicinterfacePrimaryRepositoryextendsJpaRepository{

@Query(value="SELECTpFROMPrimaryEntityp")
ListqueryList();

}

从dao：

@Repository
publicinterfaceSecondaryRepositoryextendsJpaRepository{

@Query(value="SELECTpFROMSecondaryEntityp")
ListqueryList();

}

5.分别创建主、从库entity类。

主entity：

@Entity
@Table(name="holiday_scheme")
@EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener.class)
publicclassPrimaryEntityextendsAbstractPersistable{
@Column(name="date")
publicStringdate;
@Column(name="hour")
publicStringhour;
@Column(name="holiday")
publicStringholiday;
@Column(name="holiday_explain")
publicStringholiday_explain;

publicStringgetDate(){
returndate;
}

publicvoidsetDate(Stringdate){
this.date=date;
}

publicStringgetHour(){
returnhour;
}

publicvoidsetHour(Stringhour){
this.hour=hour;
}

publicStringgetHoliday(){
returnholiday;
}

publicvoidsetHoliday(Stringholiday){
this.holiday=holiday;
}

publicStringgetHoliday_explain(){
returnholiday_explain;
}

publicvoidsetHoliday_explain(Stringholiday_explain){
this.holiday_explain=holiday_explain;
}

@Override
publicStringtoString(){
return"PrimaryEntity{"+
"date='"+date+'\''+
",hour='"+hour+'\''+
",holiday='"+holiday+'\''+
",holiday_explain='"+holiday_explain+'\''+
'}';
}
}

从entity：

@Entity
@Table(name="active_dashboards")
@EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener.class)
publicclassSecondaryEntityextendsAbstractPersistable{

@Column(name="dashboard_id")
publicStringdashboard_id;
@Column(name="user_id")
publicStringuser_id;
@Column(name="order_index")
publicStringorder_index;

publicStringgetDashboard_id(){
returndashboard_id;
}

publicvoidsetDashboard_id(Stringdashboard_id){
this.dashboard_id=dashboard_id;
}

publicStringgetUser_id(){
returnuser_id;
}

publicvoidsetUser_id(Stringuser_id){
this.user_id=user_id;
}

publicStringgetOrder_index(){
returnorder_index;
}

publicvoidsetOrder_index(Stringorder_index){
this.order_index=order_index;
}

@Override
publicStringtoString(){
return"SecondaryEntity{"+
"dashboard_id='"+dashboard_id+'\''+
",user_id='"+user_id+'\''+
",order_index='"+order_index+'\''+
'}';
}
}

6.controller请求获取不同数据库的数据。

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/database")
publicclassMailController{
privatefinalLoggerlogger=LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

@Autowired
PrimaryRepositoryprimaryRepository;
@Autowired
SecondaryRepositorysecondaryRepository;

@RequestMapping("/primary")
@ResponseBody
publicStringprimary(){
returnprimaryRepository.queryList().toString();
}

@RequestMapping("/secondary")
@ResponseBody
publicStringsecondary(){
returnsecondaryRepository.queryList().toString();
}

}

注意

下面提两个在配置多数据源时遇到的坑点，一不注意就掉坑了。

1.Application类不需要配置@EnableJpaRepositories注解，会报如下错误。

Acomponentrequiredabeannamed'entityManagerFactory'thatcouldnotbef

2.注意检查dao类，获取数据的方法上格式是否正确，有没有某个字段是表中不存在的，避免启动异常。如下，SecondaryEntity表中是不存在job_name字段的，所以注释掉才能启动成功等。

//@Query(value="SELECTpFROMSecondaryEntitypwherep.job_name=?1")
//ListqueryOdcRecord(Stringjob_name);

总结

以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家对毛票票的支持。

Spring Boot+Jpa多数据源配置的完整步骤

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