Python中正则表达式的用法总结
正则表达式很神奇啊
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
importre
defprint_match_res(res):
"""打印匹配对象内容"""
ifresisnotNone:
print(res.group())
else:
print(None)
#两种匹配方式：
pattern="[A-Z][a-z]+"
#一、使用re模块函数进行匹配
res=re.match(pattern,"Tomisagoodboy")#匹配，返回匹配对象
print(type(res))
print(res.group())
#二、使用预编译后的正则表达式对象的方法进行匹配
obj_pattern=re.compile(pattern)#预编译，返回正则表达式对象
print(type(obj_pattern))
res=obj_pattern.match("Tomisagoodboy")#匹配，返回匹配对象
print(type(res))
print(res.group())
#匹配对象的group()和groups()方法
pattern="\d{3}-\d{5}"
obj_pattern=re.compile(pattern)
res=obj_pattern.search("家庭电话:000-88886")
print(res.group())#返回整个匹配或特定子组
print(res.groups())#返回包含全部子组的元组
#match():从起始部分开始匹配，如果成功，返回匹配对象；失败，返回None。只匹配一次
pattern="my"
#res=re.compile(pattern).match("mynameisli")
res=re.match(pattern,"mynameisli")
print_match_res(res)
#search():从任意位置开始匹配，如果成功，返回匹配对象；失败，返回None。只匹配一次
pattern="my"
#res=re.compile(pattern).search("it'smydog")
res=re.search(pattern,"mynameisli")
print_match_res(res)
#查找全部
#findall(),finditer()
res=re.findall(r"th\w+","Thisandthat",re.I)
print(res)
res=re.finditer(r"th\w+","Thisandthat",re.I)
print(res)
print(next(res).group(),next(res).group())
#替换
#sub(),subn()
res=re.sub("funny","fool","Youaresofunny")
print(res)
res=re.subn("funny","fool","Youaresofunny")
print(res)
#分割
#splite()
res=re.split("\.","Mr.Smith")
print(res)
print("#"*50)
#择一匹配符号a|b
pattern="I|You|She"
res=re.compile(pattern,flags=re.IGNORECASE).match("iloveyou")
print_match_res(res)
res=re.compile(pattern,flags=re.I).search("wholoveyou")
print_match_res(res)
#匹配任意单个字符.
pattern="w{3,}\..+\.com"
res=re.match(pattern,"wwww.google.com/index.html",re.I)
print_match_res(res)
#字符集[abc][a-z0-9]
pattern="[A-Za-z0-9_]*\."
res=re.match(pattern,"Python3.?")
print_match_res(res)
#特殊字符\d\w\s\b\\
#重复+?*{N,}{N,M}
#分组(...)
pattern="\w+@(\w{1,10}\.)*([a-z]*)"
res=re.match(pattern,"li@gmail.com")
print_match_res(res)
res=re.match(pattern,"li@qq.vip.org")
print_match_res(res)
print(res.group(0),res.group(1),res.group(2),sep="\t")
print(res.groups())
#匹配字符串的起始和结尾，单词边界^az$\A\Z\b\B
pattern=r"^the"
#pattern=r"\Athe"
res=re.search(pattern,"Theendoftheworld")
print_match_res(res)
res=re.search(pattern,"theysmile")
print_match_res(res)
pattern=r"cry$"
#pattern=r"cry\Z"
res=re.search(pattern,"theycry")
print_match_res(res)
res=re.search(r"\bthe","bitthedog")
print_match_res(res)
res=re.search(r"\Bhe","bitthedog")
print_match_res(res)
总结
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