Django 反向生成url实例详解
Django中提供了一个关于URL的映射的解决方案,
1.客户端的浏览器发起一个url请求,Django根据URL解析,把url中的参数捕获,调用相应的试图,获取相应的数据,然后返回给客户端显示
2.通过一个视图的名字,再加上一些参数和值,逆向获取相应的URL
第一个就是平常的请求有URLconf来解析的过程,
第二个叫做,url的逆向解析,url逆向匹配,url的逆向查阅,等
Django提供了不同的层级的url逆向处理工具:
1.在模板templates中,使用url标记,如:{%url%}
2.在Python代码中,使用django.core.urlresolvers.reverse()方法
3.在更高一层级的处理url中,用get_absolute_url()方法
新建一个项目diango
访问longin页面跳转到index页面
app01views.py
fromdjango.shortcutsimportrender,redirect,HttpResponse defindex(request): returnHttpResponse('Index') deflogin(request): returnHttpResponse('longin')
urls.py
fromdjango.conf.urlsimporturl fromapp01importviews urlpatterns=[ url(r'^index/',views.index), url(r'^login/',views.login), ]
在平常做法
views.py
views.py deflogin(request): returnredirect('/index/')
如果usr很长
urlpatterns=[ url(r'^index/xxxxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/xx/',views.index), url(r'^login/',views.login), ]
可以用平常做法:
app01views.py
deflogin(request): returnredirect('/index/xxxxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/xx/')
这种方法看上去不是那么的友好,我们用usl别名的方式
导入reverse
app01/views.py
fromdjango.urlsimportreverse deflogin(request): url=('inx') returnredirect(url)
urls.py
urlpatterns=[ url(r'^index/xxxxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/xx/',views.index,name='inx'), ]
通过usl名称,反向生成usl
include方法来实现路由转发功能
urls.py
url(r'^cmdb/',include'(crm.urls)'),
crm/urls.py
fromdjango.conf.urlsimporturl,include fromdjango.contribimportadmin fromcrmimportviews urlpatterns=[ url(r'^hosts/',views.hosts,name='hosts'), ]
crm/views.py
defhosts(request): returnHttpResponse('主机列表')
通过这个cmdb前缀分发,分发到自己的urls中,好处可以将各种的业务拆分
反向生成时,使用reverse(‘namespace:name')
新建app,monitor、openstack,
url(r'^monitor/',include('monitor.urls',namespace='m')), url(r'^openstack/',include('openstack.urls',namespace='o')),
monitor/ulrs.py
fromdjango.conf.urlsimporturl,include fromdjango.contribimportadmin frommonitorimportviews urlpatterns=[ url(r'^hosts/',views.hosts,name='hosts'), ]
monitor/views.py
fromdjango.shortcutsimportrender,HttpResponse defhosts(request): returnHttpResponse('监控系统,主机列表')
openstack/ulrs.py
fromdjango.conf.urlsimporturl,include fromdjango.contribimportadmin fromopenstackimportviews urlpatterns=[ url(r'^hosts/',views.hosts,name='hosts'), ]
openstack/views.py
fromdjango.shortcutsimportrender,HttpResponse defhosts(request): returnHttpResponse('OpenStack,主机列表')
登录成功时跳转到openstack/主机列表页面
deflogin(request): returnHttpResponse('Login') #跳转到openstack主机列表页面 #returnredirect('/openstack/hosts/') url=reverse('o:hosts')
include本质【就是元组,一级一级做分发】
urls.py
frommonitorimportviewsasmviews fromopenstackimportviewsasoviews #/monitor/hosts/ url(r'^login/',views.login), url(r'^monitor/',([ url(r'^hosts/',mviews.hosts,name='hhhhh'), url(r'^c1/',mviews.hosts), url(r'^x1/',([ url(r'^xxx1/',mviews.hosts), url(r'^xxx2/',mviews.hosts,name='xx2'), url(r'^xxx3/',mviews.hosts), url(r'^xxx4/',mviews.hosts), ],None,None)), url(r'^c2/',mviews.hosts), url(r'^c3/',mviews.hosts), ],None,'mm')), url(r'^openstack/',([ url(r'^hosts/',oviews.hosts,name='hhhhh'), url(r'^c1/',oviews.hosts), url(r'^c2/',oviews.hosts), url(r'^c3/',oviews.hosts), ],None,'oo')), ]
views.py
#跳转到openstack主机列表页面 url=reverse('oo:hhhhh') url=reverse('mm:uu:xx2')
动态生成url
views.py
deflogin(request): returnHttpResponse('Login')
urls.py
urlpatterns=[ url(r'^login/',views.login), ] foriinrange(10): temp=[] forjinrange(5): temp.append(url(r'^inner_%s/'%j,views.login)) v=url(r'^login_%s/'%i,(temp,None,None)) urlpatterns.append(v)
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持毛票票。