对Django url的几种使用方式详解
利用Django开发网站，可以设计出非常优美的url规则，如果url的匹配规则（包含正则表达式）组织得比较好，view的结构就会比较清晰，比较容易维护。
最简单的形式
fromdjango.conf.urlsimportpatterns,url
urlpatterns=patterns('',
url(r'^articles/2003/$','news.views.special_case_2003'),
url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$','news.views.year_archive'),
url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$','news.views.month_archive'),
url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$','news.views.article_detail'),
)
其中，正则表达式中组匹配出来的结果可以作为positionalparameters传递给view.
如果url是www.yourdomain/articles/2005/，则会匹配第二条规则，执行news.views.year_archive('2005').
注意点
域名部分会被过滤掉
articles的前面不需要添加/，因为前序url的末尾一定会有/
任何组匹配的变量，都会议字符串的形式传递给view,虽然通过(\d{4})匹配出了2005，但2005任然会被当做字符串传递给year_archive
利用namedgroup来传递参数
可以通过以下形式为特定的组指定一个名称.
urlpatterns=patterns('',
url(r'^articles/2003/$','news.views.special_case_2003'),
url(r'^articles/(?P\d{4})/$','news.views.year_archive'),
url(r'^articles/(?P\d{4})/(?P\d{2})/$','news.views.month_archive'),
url(r'^articles/(?P\d{4})/(?P\d{2})/(?P\d{2})/$','news.views.article_detail'),
)
这样的话，组的匹配结果会通过keywordparameters的形式传递给view.例如year_archive(year='2005')
利用namedgroup可以为view指定一个默认参数来匹配多条规则。
#URLconf
fromdjango.conf.urlsimportpatterns,url
urlpatterns=patterns('',
url(r'^blog/$','blog.views.page'),
url(r'^blog/page(?P\d+)/$','blog.views.page'),
)
#View(inblog/views.py)
defpage(request,num="1"):
#Outputtheappropriatepageofblogentries,accordingtonum.
指定view前缀(提取公因式)
patterns函数的第一个参数即是view的前缀
fromdjango.conf.urlsimportpatterns,url
urlpatterns=patterns('news.views',
url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$','year_archive'),
url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$','month_archive'),
url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$','article_detail'),
)
指定多个view前缀
urlpatterns=patterns('myapp.views',
url(r'^$','app_index'),
url(r'^(?P\d{4})/(?P[a-z]{3})/$','month_display'),
)
urlpatterns+=patterns('weblog.views',
url(r'^tag/(?P\w+)/$','tag'),
)
include其它匹配模块
fromdjango.conf.urlsimportinclude,patterns,url
urlpatterns=patterns('',
#...snip...
url(r'^comments/',include('django.contrib.comments.urls')),
url(r'^community/',include('django_website.aggregator.urls')),
url(r'^contact/',include('django_website.contact.urls')),
#...snip...
)
当然也可以直接include其它patterns
fromdjango.conf.urlsimportinclude,patterns,url
extra_patterns=patterns('',
url(r'^reports/(?P\d+)/$','credit.views.report'),
url(r'^charge/$','credit.views.charge'),
)
urlpatterns=patterns('',
url(r'^$','apps.main.views.homepage'),
url(r'^help/',include('apps.help.urls')),
url(r'^credit/',include(extra_patterns)),
)
为view函数传递额外参数
fromdjango.conf.urlsimportpatterns,url
urlpatterns=patterns('blog.views',
url(r'^blog/(?P\d{4})/$','year_archive',{'foo':'bar'}),
)
直接使用view函数
fromdjango.conf.urlsimportpatterns,url
frommysite.viewsimportarchive,about,contact
urlpatterns=patterns('',
url(r'^archive/$',archive),
url(r'^about/$',about),
url(r'^contact/$',contact),
)
以上这篇对Djangourl的几种使用方式详解就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持毛票票。
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