Python基于Dlib的人脸识别系统的实现
之前已经介绍过人脸识别的基础概念,以及基于opencv的实现方式,今天,我们使用dlib来提取128维的人脸嵌入,并使用k临近值方法来实现人脸识别。
人脸识别系统的实现流程与之前是一样的,只是这里我们借助了dlib和face_recognition这两个库来实现。face_recognition是对dlib库的包装,使对dlib的使用更方便。所以首先要安装这2个库。
pip3installdlib pip3installface_recognition
然后,还要安装imutils库
pip3installimutils
我们看一下项目的目录结构:
. ├──dataset │ ├──alan_grant[22entriesexceedsfilelimit,notopeningdir] │ ├──claire_dearing[53entriesexceedsfilelimit,notopeningdir] │ ├──ellie_sattler[31entriesexceedsfilelimit,notopeningdir] │ ├──ian_malcolm[41entriesexceedsfilelimit,notopeningdir] │ ├──john_hammond[36entriesexceedsfilelimit,notopeningdir] │ └──owen_grady[35entriesexceedsfilelimit,notopeningdir] ├──examples │ ├──example_01.png │ ├──example_02.png │ └──example_03.png ├──output │ ├──lunch_scene_output.avi │ └──webcam_face_recognition_output.avi ├──videos │ └──lunch_scene.mp4 ├──encode_faces.py ├──encodings.pickle ├──recognize_faces_image.py ├──recognize_faces_video_file.py ├──recognize_faces_video.py └──search_bing_api.py 10directories,12files
首先,提取128维的人脸嵌入:
命令如下:
python3encode_faces.py--datasetdataset--encodingsencodings.pickle-dhog
记住:如果你的电脑内存不够大,请使用hog模型进行人脸检测,如果内存够大,可以使用cnn神经网络进行人脸检测。
看代码:
#USAGE #pythonencode_faces.py--datasetdataset--encodingsencodings.pickle #importthenecessarypackages fromimutilsimportpaths importface_recognition importargparse importpickle importcv2 importos #constructtheargumentparserandparsethearguments ap=argparse.ArgumentParser() ap.add_argument("-i","--dataset",required=True, help="pathtoinputdirectoryoffaces+images") ap.add_argument("-e","--encodings",required=True, help="pathtoserializeddboffacialencodings") ap.add_argument("-d","--detection-method",type=str,default="hog", help="facedetectionmodeltouse:either`hog`or`cnn`") args=vars(ap.parse_args()) #grabthepathstotheinputimagesinourdataset print("[INFO]quantifyingfaces...") imagePaths=list(paths.list_images(args["dataset"])) #initializethelistofknownencodingsandknownnames knownEncodings=[] knownNames=[] #loopovertheimagepaths for(i,imagePath)inenumerate(imagePaths): #extractthepersonnamefromtheimagepath print("[INFO]processingimage{}/{}".format(i+1, len(imagePaths))) name=imagePath.split(os.path.sep)[-2] #loadtheinputimageandconvertitfromRGB(OpenCVordering) #todlibordering(RGB) image=cv2.imread(imagePath) rgb=cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB) #detectthe(x,y)-coordinatesoftheboundingboxes #correspondingtoeachfaceintheinputimage boxes=face_recognition.face_locations(rgb, model=args["detection_method"]) #computethefacialembeddingfortheface encodings=face_recognition.face_encodings(rgb,boxes) #loopovertheencodings forencodinginencodings: #addeachencoding+nametooursetofknownnamesand #encodings knownEncodings.append(encoding) knownNames.append(name) #dumpthefacialencodings+namestodisk print("[INFO]serializingencodings...") data={"encodings":knownEncodings,"names":knownNames} f=open(args["encodings"],"wb") f.write(pickle.dumps(data)) f.close()
输出结果是每张图片输出一个人脸的128维的向量和对于的名字,并序列化到硬盘,供后续人脸识别使用。
识别图像中的人脸:
这里使用KNN方法实现最终的人脸识别,而不是使用SVM进行训练。
命令如下:
python3recognize_faces_image.py--encodingsencodings.pickle --imageexamples/example_01.png
看代码:
#USAGE #pythonrecognize_faces_image.py--encodingsencodings.pickle--imageexamples/example_01.png #importthenecessarypackages importface_recognition importargparse importpickle importcv2 #constructtheargumentparserandparsethearguments ap=argparse.ArgumentParser() ap.add_argument("-e","--encodings",required=True, help="pathtoserializeddboffacialencodings") ap.add_argument("-i","--image",required=True, help="pathtoinputimage") ap.add_argument("-d","--detection-method",type=str,default="cnn", help="facedetectionmodeltouse:either`hog`or`cnn`") args=vars(ap.parse_args()) #loadtheknownfacesandembeddings print("[INFO]loadingencodings...") data=pickle.loads(open(args["encodings"],"rb").read()) #loadtheinputimageandconvertitfromBGRtoRGB image=cv2.imread(args["image"]) rgb=cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB) #detectthe(x,y)-coordinatesoftheboundingboxescorresponding #toeachfaceintheinputimage,thencomputethefacialembeddings #foreachface print("[INFO]recognizingfaces...") boxes=face_recognition.face_locations(rgb, model=args["detection_method"]) encodings=face_recognition.face_encodings(rgb,boxes) #initializethelistofnamesforeachfacedetected names=[] #loopoverthefacialembeddings forencodinginencodings: #attempttomatcheachfaceintheinputimagetoourknown #encodings matches=face_recognition.compare_faces(data["encodings"], encoding) name="Unknown" #checktoseeifwehavefoundamatch ifTrueinmatches: #findtheindexesofallmatchedfacestheninitializea #dictionarytocountthetotalnumberoftimeseachface #wasmatched matchedIdxs=[ifor(i,b)inenumerate(matches)ifb] counts={} #loopoverthematchedindexesandmaintainacountfor #eachrecognizedfaceface foriinmatchedIdxs: name=data["names"][i] counts[name]=counts.get(name,0)+1 #determinetherecognizedfacewiththelargestnumberof #votes(note:intheeventofanunlikelytiePythonwill #selectfirstentryinthedictionary) name=max(counts,key=counts.get) #updatethelistofnames names.append(name) #loopovertherecognizedfaces for((top,right,bottom,left),name)inzip(boxes,names): #drawthepredictedfacenameontheimage cv2.rectangle(image,(left,top),(right,bottom),(0,255,0),2) y=top-15iftop-15>15elsetop+15 cv2.putText(image,name,(left,y),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.75,(0,255,0),2) #showtheoutputimage cv2.imshow("Image",image) cv2.waitKey(0)
实际效果如下:
如果要详细了解细节,请参考:https://www.pyimagesearch.com/2018/06/18/face-recognition-with-opencv-python-and-deep-learning/
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