浅谈tensorflow中dataset.shuffle和dataset.batch dataset.repeat注意点

2023-07-23 13:50:04 169

batch很好理解，就是batchsize。注意在一个epoch中最后一个batch大小可能小于等于batchsize

dataset.repeat就是俗称epoch，但在tf中与dataset.shuffle的使用顺序可能会导致个epoch的混合

dataset.shuffle就是说维持一个buffersize大小的shufflebuffer，图中所需的每个样本从shufflebuffer中获取，取得一个样本后，就从源数据集中加入一个样本到shufflebuffer中。

importos
os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES']=""
importnumpyasnp
importtensorflowastf
np.random.seed(0)
x=np.random.sample((11,2))
#makeadatasetfromanumpyarray
print(x)
print()
dataset=tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(x)
dataset=dataset.shuffle(3)
dataset=dataset.batch(4)
dataset=dataset.repeat(2)

#createtheiterator
iter=dataset.make_one_shot_iterator()
el=iter.get_next()

withtf.Session()assess:
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))

#源数据集
[[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.437587210.891773]
[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.791725040.52889492]
[0.568044560.92559664]
[0.071036060.0871293]
[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.778156750.87001215]
[0.978618340.79915856]]

#通过shufflebatch后取得的样本
[[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.437587210.891773]
[0.54881350.71518937]]
[[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.568044560.92559664]
[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.791725040.52889492]]
[[0.071036060.0871293]
[0.978618340.79915856]
[0.778156750.87001215]]#最后一个batch样本个数为3
[[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.437587210.891773]
[0.791725040.52889492]]
[[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.568044560.92559664]
[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.071036060.0871293]]
[[0.778156750.87001215]
[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.978618340.79915856]]#最后一个batch样本个数为3

1、按照shuffle中设置的buffersize，首先从源数据集取得三个样本：
shufflebuffer：
[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.42365480.64589411]
2、从buffer中取一个样本到batch中得：
shufflebuffer：
[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
batch：
[0.42365480.64589411]
3、shufflebuffer不足三个样本，从源数据集提取一个样本：
shufflebuffer：
[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.437587210.891773]
4、从buffer中取一个样本到batch中得：
shufflebuffer：
[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.437587210.891773]
batch：
[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.602763380.54488318]
5、如此反复。这就意味中如果shuffle的buffersize=1，数据集不打乱。如果shuffle的buffersize=数据集样本数量，随机打乱整个数据集

importos
os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES']=""
importnumpyasnp
importtensorflowastf
np.random.seed(0)
x=np.random.sample((11,2))
#makeadatasetfromanumpyarray
print(x)
print()
dataset=tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(x)
dataset=dataset.shuffle(1)
dataset=dataset.batch(4)
dataset=dataset.repeat(2)

#createtheiterator
iter=dataset.make_one_shot_iterator()
el=iter.get_next()

withtf.Session()assess:
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))

[[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.437587210.891773]
[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.791725040.52889492]
[0.568044560.92559664]
[0.071036060.0871293]
[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.778156750.87001215]
[0.978618340.79915856]]

[[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.437587210.891773]]
[[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.791725040.52889492]
[0.568044560.92559664]
[0.071036060.0871293]]
[[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.778156750.87001215]
[0.978618340.79915856]]
[[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.437587210.891773]]
[[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.791725040.52889492]
[0.568044560.92559664]
[0.071036060.0871293]]
[[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.778156750.87001215]
[0.978618340.79915856]]

注意如果repeat在shuffle之前使用：

官方说repeat在shuffle之前使用能提高性能，但模糊了数据样本的epoch关系

importos
os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES']=""
importnumpyasnp
importtensorflowastf
np.random.seed(0)
x=np.random.sample((11,2))
#makeadatasetfromanumpyarray
print(x)
print()
dataset=tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(x)
dataset=dataset.repeat(2)
dataset=dataset.shuffle(11)
dataset=dataset.batch(4)

#createtheiterator
iter=dataset.make_one_shot_iterator()
el=iter.get_next()

withtf.Session()assess:
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))
print(sess.run(el))

[[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.437587210.891773]
[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.791725040.52889492]
[0.568044560.92559664]
[0.071036060.0871293]
[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.778156750.87001215]
[0.978618340.79915856]]

[[0.568044560.92559664]
[0.54881350.71518937]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.071036060.0871293]]
[[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.437587210.891773]
[0.437587210.891773]
[0.778156750.87001215]]
[[0.791725040.52889492]#出现相同样本出现在同一个batch中
[0.791725040.52889492]
[0.602763380.54488318]
[0.42365480.64589411]]
[[0.071036060.0871293]
[0.42365480.64589411]
[0.963662760.38344152]
[0.54881350.71518937]]
[[0.978618340.79915856]
[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.778156750.87001215]
[0.568044560.92559664]]
[[0.02021840.83261985]
[0.978618340.79915856]]#可以看到最后个batch为2，而前面都是4

使用案例：

definput_fn(filenames,batch_size=32,num_epochs=1,perform_shuffle=False):
print('Parsing',filenames)
defdecode_libsvm(line):
#columns=tf.decode_csv(value,record_defaults=CSV_COLUMN_DEFAULTS)
#features=dict(zip(CSV_COLUMNS,columns))
#labels=features.pop(LABEL_COLUMN)
columns=tf.string_split([line],'')
labels=tf.string_to_number(columns.values[0],out_type=tf.float32)
splits=tf.string_split(columns.values[1:],':')
id_vals=tf.reshape(splits.values,splits.dense_shape)
feat_ids,feat_vals=tf.split(id_vals,num_or_size_splits=2,axis=1)
feat_ids=tf.string_to_number(feat_ids,out_type=tf.int32)
feat_vals=tf.string_to_number(feat_vals,out_type=tf.float32)
#feat_ids=tf.reshape(feat_ids,shape=[-1,FLAGS.field_size])
#foriinrange(splits.dense_shape.eval()[0]):
#feat_ids.append(tf.string_to_number(splits.values[2*i],out_type=tf.int32))
#feat_vals.append(tf.string_to_number(splits.values[2*i+1]))
#returntf.reshape(feat_ids,shape=[-1,field_size]),tf.reshape(feat_vals,shape=[-1,field_size]),labels
return{"feat_ids":feat_ids,"feat_vals":feat_vals},labels

#ExtractlinesfrominputfilesusingtheDatasetAPI,canpassonefilenameorfilenamelist
dataset=tf.data.TextLineDataset(filenames).map(decode_libsvm,num_parallel_calls=10).prefetch(500000)#multi-threadpre-processthenprefetch

#Randomizesinputusingawindowof256elements(readintomemory)
ifperform_shuffle:
dataset=dataset.shuffle(buffer_size=256)

#epochsfromblendingtogether.
dataset=dataset.repeat(num_epochs)
dataset=dataset.batch(batch_size)#Batchsizetouse

#returndataset.make_one_shot_iterator()
iterator=dataset.make_one_shot_iterator()
batch_features,batch_labels=iterator.get_next()
#returntf.reshape(batch_ids,shape=[-1,field_size]),tf.reshape(batch_vals,shape=[-1,field_size]),batch_labels
returnbatch_features,batch_labels

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浅谈tensorflow中dataset.shuffle和dataset.batch dataset.repeat注意点

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