SpringBoot整合spring-data-jpa的方法

2023-07-22 13:13:13 323

jpa是JavaEE定义的一种规范，常用的实现一般是Hibernate，而spring-data-jpa则是对jpa的又一层封装，提供了更多便捷的方法。

这里不会深入讲解spring-data-jpa的使用，只是讲解怎么快速的整合使用，目的是帮助那些想学，但是在整合上老是翻车的同学

导入依赖


	com.zaxxer
	HikariCP


	mysql
	mysql-connector-java


	org.springframework.boot
	spring-boot-starter-data-jpa

配置

spring:
data:
jpa:
repositories:
#开启jpa
enabled:true
bootstrap-mode:default
jpa:
#数据库方言
database-platform:org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect
open-in-view:false
#打印SQL
show-sql:false
properties:
#格式化输出的SQL语句
hibernate.format_sql:false
hibernate:
#自动建表策略
ddl-auto:update

这里忽略了数据源的配置

关于自动建表策略

#枚举值
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto
create				不管表是否存在,每次启动都会重新建表(会导致数据丢失)
create-drop			启动的时候创建表,程序退出(SessionFactory关闭)的时候删除表
none				不进行任何操作
update				如果数据表不存在则创建,在实体对象被修改后,下次启动重新修改表结构(不会删除已经存在的数据)
validate			启动的时候验证数据表的结构,

相关的配置类

这里仅仅列出了部分常用的配置，如果需要了解所有的配置信息，可以参考配置类

JpaProperties
SpringDataWebProperties
HibernateProperties

相关配置的文档docs.spring.io/spring-boot…

定义实体类User

importjava.io.Serializable;
importjava.time.LocalDateTime;

importjavax.persistence.Column;
importjavax.persistence.Entity;
importjavax.persistence.Enumerated;
importjavax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
importjavax.persistence.GenerationType;
importjavax.persistence.Id;
importjavax.persistence.Index;
importjavax.persistence.Table;

//指定表名称
@Table(name="user",indexes={
	//定义索引
	@Index(columnList="account",unique=true)
})
//标识实体类
@Entity
//设置表注释
@org.hibernate.annotations.Table(appliesTo="user",comment="用户")
publicclassUserimplementsSerializable{

	/**
	*
	*/
	privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID=4953012795378725917L;

	@Id//id字段
	@Column(columnDefinition="INT(11)UNSIGNEDCOMMENT'id'")
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)//自增
	privateIntegerid;

	//账户
	@Column(columnDefinition="VARCHAR(50)COMMENT'登录账户'",nullable=false)
	privateStringaccount;

	//密码
	@Column(columnDefinition="VARCHAR(255)COMMENT'登录密码'",nullable=false)
	privateStringpassword;

	//性别
	@Column(columnDefinition="TINYINT(1)COMMENT'性别。0：男，1：女'",nullable=false)
	@Enumerated
	privateGendergender;

	//创建时间
	@Column(name="created_date",columnDefinition="timestampDEFAULTCURRENT_TIMESTAMPCOMMENT'创建时间'",nullable=false)
	privateLocalDateTimecreatedDate;

	//最后修改时间
	@Column(name="last_modified_date",columnDefinition="timestampNULLDEFAULTNULLCOMMENT'最后一次修改时间'")
	privateLocalDateTimelastModifiedDate;

	//记录状态
	@Column(columnDefinition="TINYINT(1)unsignedCOMMENT'是否启用'",nullable=false)
	privateBooleanenabled;

	publicIntegergetId(){
		returnid;
	}

	publicvoidsetId(Integerid){
		this.id=id;
	}

	publicStringgetAccount(){
		returnaccount;
	}

	publicvoidsetAccount(Stringaccount){
		this.account=account;
	}

	publicStringgetPassword(){
		returnpassword;
	}

	publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){
		this.password=password;
	}

	publicGendergetGender(){
		returngender;
	}

	publicvoidsetGender(Gendergender){
		this.gender=gender;
	}

	publicLocalDateTimegetCreatedDate(){
		returncreatedDate;
	}

	publicvoidsetCreatedDate(LocalDateTimecreatedDate){
		this.createdDate=createdDate;
	}

	publicLocalDateTimegetLastModifiedDate(){
		returnlastModifiedDate;
	}

	publicvoidsetLastModifiedDate(LocalDateTimelastModifiedDate){
		this.lastModifiedDate=lastModifiedDate;
	}

	publicBooleangetEnabled(){
		returnenabled;
	}

	publicvoidsetEnabled(Booleanenabled){
		this.enabled=enabled;
	}

	@Override
	publicStringtoString(){
		return"User[id="+id+",account="+account+",password="+password+",gender="+gender
				+",createdDate="+createdDate+",lastModifiedDate="+lastModifiedDate+",enabled="+enabled
				+"]";
	}

	publicstaticenumGender{
		BOY,GIRL
	}
}

Repository

抽象出BaseRepository

importorg.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
importorg.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
importorg.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;

@NoRepositoryBean//该接口不是一个Repository，不需要生成代理实现
publicinterfaceBaseRepositoryextendsJpaRepository,JpaSpecificationExecutor							//,QuerydslPredicateExecutor如果使用了QueryDSL还可以实现这个接口
{

}

定义UserRepository

importio.springboot.jpa.entity.User;

publicinterfaceUserRepositoryextendsBaseRepository{

}

Service

抽象出BaseService

importorg.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
importorg.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;

publicinterfaceBaseServiceextendsJpaRepository,JpaSpecificationExecutor
														//,QuerydslPredicateExecutor
{

}

抽象出AbstractService

importjava.util.List;
importjava.util.Optional;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.data.domain.Example;
importorg.springframework.data.domain.Page;
importorg.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
importorg.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
importorg.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;
importorg.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
importio.springboot.jpa.repository.BaseRepository;
publicabstractclassAbstractServiceimplementsBaseService{
	/**
	*泛型注入
	*/
	@Autowired
	protectedBaseRepositorybaseRepository;
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicListfindAll(){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll();
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicListfindAll(Sortsort){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll(sort);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicListfindAllById(Iterableids){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAllById(ids);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicListsaveAll(Iterableentities){
		returnthis.baseRepository.saveAll(entities);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicvoidflush(){
		this.baseRepository.flush();
	}
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicSsaveAndFlush(Sentity){
		returnthis.baseRepository.saveAndFlush(entity);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicvoiddeleteInBatch(Iterableentities){
		this.baseRepository.deleteInBatch(entities);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicvoiddeleteAllInBatch(){
		this.baseRepository.deleteAllInBatch();
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicTgetOne(IDid){
		returnthis.baseRepository.getOne(id);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicListfindAll(Exampleexample){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll(example);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicListfindAll(Exampleexample,Sortsort){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll(example,sort);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicPagefindAll(Pageablepageable){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll(pageable);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicSsave(Sentity){
		returnthis.baseRepository.save(entity);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicOptionalfindById(IDid){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findById(id);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicbooleanexistsById(IDid){
		returnthis.baseRepository.existsById(id);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publiclongcount(){
		returnthis.baseRepository.count();
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicvoiddeleteById(IDid){
		this.baseRepository.deleteById(id);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicvoiddelete(Tentity){
		this.baseRepository.delete(entity);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicvoiddeleteAll(Iterableentities){
		this.baseRepository.deleteAll(entities);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicvoiddeleteAll(){
		this.baseRepository.deleteAll();
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicOptionalfindOne(Exampleexample){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findOne(example);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicPagefindAll(Exampleexample,Pageablepageable){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll(example,pageable);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publiclongcount(Exampleexample){
		returnthis.baseRepository.count(example);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicbooleanexists(Exampleexample){
		returnthis.baseRepository.exists(example);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicOptionalfindOne(Specificationspec){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findOne(spec);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicListfindAll(Specificationspec){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll(spec);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicPagefindAll(Specificationspec,Pageablepageable){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll(spec,pageable);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publicListfindAll(Specificationspec,Sortsort){
		returnthis.baseRepository.findAll(spec,sort);
	}
	@Override
	@Transactional(readOnly=true,rollbackFor=Throwable.class)
	publiclongcount(Specificationspec){
		returnthis.baseRepository.count(spec);
	}
}

定义UserService

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Service; importio.springboot.jpa.entity.User; @Service publicclassUserServiceextendsAbstractService{ }

添加注解驱动

importorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; importorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; importorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.domain.EntityScan; importorg.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories; @SpringBootApplication @EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages={"io.springboot.jpa.repository"}) @EntityScan(basePackages={"io.springboot.jpa.entity"}) publicclassJpaApplication{ publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){ SpringApplication.run(JpaApplication.class,args); } }

@EnableJpaRepositories指定repository所在的包@EntityScan指定entity所在的包

测试

importio.springboot.jpa.JpaApplication; importio.springboot.jpa.entity.User; importio.springboot.jpa.service.UserService; importjava.time.LocalDateTime; importorg.junit.Test; importorg.junit.runner.RunWith; importorg.slf4j.Logger; importorg.slf4j.LoggerFactory; importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; importorg.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; importorg.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(classes=JpaApplication.class,webEnvironment=SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) publicclassJpaApplicationTest{ staticfinalLoggerLOGGER=LoggerFactory.getLogger(JpaApplicationTest.class); @Autowired UserServiceuserService; @Test publicvoidtest(){ //存储 Useruser=newUser(); user.setAccount("kevinblandy.cn@gmail.com"); user.setPassword("123456"); user.setGender(User.Gender.GIRL); user.setEnabled(Boolean.TRUE); user.setCreatedDate(LocalDateTime.now()); this.userService.save(user); LOGGER.info("savesuccess....."); //检索 Userresults=this.userService.findById(user.getId()).orElseGet(null); LOGGER.info("queryresult={}",results); } }

自动创建的表

CREATETABLE`user`( `id`int(11)unsignedNOTNULLAUTO_INCREMENTCOMMENT'id', `account`varchar(50)NOTNULLCOMMENT'登录账户', `created_date`timestampNOTNULLDEFAULTCURRENT_TIMESTAMPCOMMENT'创建时间', `enabled`tinyint(1)unsignedNOTNULLCOMMENT'是否启用', `gender`tinyint(1)NOTNULLCOMMENT'性别。0：男，1：女', `last_modified_date`timestampNULLDEFAULTNULLCOMMENT'最后一次修改时间', `password`varchar(255)NOTNULLCOMMENT'登录密码', PRIMARYKEY(`id`), UNIQUEKEY`UKdnq7r8jcmlft7l8l4j79l1h74`(`account`) )ENGINE=InnoDBDEFAULTCHARSET=utf8mb4COMMENT='用户';

执行的日志

Hibernate: insert into user (account,created_date,enabled,gender,last_modified_date,password) values (?,?,?,?,?,?) 2020-06-2317:57:36.264INFO7612---[main]i.s.jpa.test.JpaApplicationTest:savesuccess..... Hibernate: select user0_.idasid1_0_0_, user0_.accountasaccount2_0_0_, user0_.created_dateascreated_3_0_0_, user0_.enabledasenabled4_0_0_, user0_.genderasgender5_0_0_, user0_.last_modified_dateaslast_mod6_0_0_, user0_.passwordaspassword7_0_0_ from useruser0_ where user0_.id=? 2020-06-2317:57:36.303INFO7612---[main]i.s.jpa.test.JpaApplicationTest:queryresult=User[id=1,account=kevinblandy.cn@gmail.com,password=123456,gender=GIRL,createdDate=2020-06-23T17:57:36,lastModifiedDate=null,enabled=true]

总结

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