Centos7实现MySQL基于日志还原数据的示例代码

2023-07-21 21:14:04 161

简介

Binlog日志，即二进制日志文件，用于记录用户对数据库操作的SQL语句信息，当发生数据误删除的时候我们可以通过binlog日志来还原已经删除的数据，还原数据的方法分为传统二进制文件还原数据和基于GTID的二进制文件还原数据

前期准备

准备一台Centos7虚拟机，关闭防火墙和selinux，配置IP地址,同步系统时间,安装MySQL数据库

传统二进制日志还原数据

修改配置文件

[root@localhost~]#vi/etc/my.cnf
server-id=1
log-bin=binlog

#重启数据库服务
[root@localhost~]#systemctlrestartmysqld

操作数据库

mysql>createdatabasemydbcharsetutf8mb4;
mysql>usemydb;
mysql>createtabletest(idint)engine=innodbcharset=utf8mb4;
mysql>insertintotestvalues(1);
mysql>insertintotestvalues(2);
mysql>insertintotestvalues(3);
mysql>insertintotestvalues(4);
mysql>commit;
mysql>updatetestsetid=10whereid=4;
mysql>commit;
mysql>select*fromtest;
+------+
|id|
+------+
|1|
|2|
|3|
|10|
+------+
4rowsinset(0.00sec)
mysql>dropdatabasemydb;

查看二进制日志信息

mysql>showmasterstatus\G;
***************************1.row***************************
File:binlog.000001
Position:1960
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1rowinset(0.00sec)


#查找创库和删库的点,为219和1868
mysql>showbinlogeventsin'binlog.000001';
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Log_name|Pos|Event_type|Server_id|End_log_pos|Info|
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|binlog.000001|219|Query|1|329|createdatabasemydbcharsetutf8mb4|
|binlog.000001|1868|Query|1|1960|dropdatabasemydb|
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

另存为二进制日志信息

[root@localhost~]#mysqlbinlog--start-position=219--stop-position=1868/var/lib/mysql/binlog.000001>/tmp/binlog.sql

恢复数据

#临时关闭二进制日志记录以免重复记录
mysql>setsql_log_bin=0;
#恢复数据
mysql>source/tmp/binlog.sql
#重启二进制日志记录
mysql>setsql_log_bin=1;

查看数据恢复情况

mysql>showdatabases;
+--------------------+
|Database|
+--------------------+
|information_schema|
|mydb|
|mysql|
|performance_schema|
|sys|
+--------------------+
5rowsinset(0.00sec)

mysql>usemydb;
Databasechanged
mysql>select*fromtest;
+------+
|id|
+------+
|1|
|2|
|3|
|10|
+------+
4rowsinset(0.00sec)、

基于GTID二进制日志还原数据

修改配置文件

[root@localhost~]#vi/etc/my.cnf
server-id=1
log-bin=binlog
gtid_mode=ON
enforce_gtid_consistency=true
log_slave_updates=1

#重启数据库服务
[root@localhost~]#systemctlrestartmysqld

操作数据库

mysql>createdatabasemydb1;
mysql>usemydb1;
Databasechanged
mysql>createtablet1(idint)engine=innodbcharset=utf8mb4;
mysql>insertintot1values(1);
mysql>insertintot1values(2);
mysql>insertintot1values(3);
mysql>insertintot1values(11);
mysql>insertintot1values(12);
mysql>commit;
mysql>select*fromt1;
+------+
|id|
+------+
|1|
|2|
|3|
|11|
|12|
+------+
5rowsinset(0.00sec)
mysql>dropdatabasemydb1;

查看二进制日志信息

mysql>showmasterstatus\G;
***************************1.row***************************
File:binlog.000003
Position:1944
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1-8
1rowinset(0.00sec)

mysql>showbinlogeventsin'binlog.000003';
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Log_name|Pos|Event_type|Server_id|End_log_pos|Info|
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|binlog.000003|154|Gtid|1|219|SET@@SESSION.GTID_NEXT='51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1'|
|binlog.000003|219|Query|1|316|createdatabasemydb1|
|binlog.000003|1784|Gtid|1|1849|SET@@SESSION.GTID_NEXT='51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:8'|
|binlog.000003|1849|Query|1|1944|dropdatabasemydb1|
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+

另存为二进制日志信息

#8号事务记录为删除数据库，因此只需恢复1-7号事务记录即可
[root@localhost~]#mysqlbinlog--skip-gtids--include-gtids='51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1-7'/var/lib/mysql/binlog.000003>/tmp/gtid.sql

参数说明:
--include-gtids:包含事务
--exclude-gtids:排除事务
--skip-gtids:跳过事务

恢复数据

mysql>setsql_log_bin=0;
mysql>source/tmp/gtid.sql
mysql>setsql_log_bin=1;

查看数据恢复情况

mysql>showdatabases;
+--------------------+
|Database|
+--------------------+
|information_schema|
|mydb|
|mydb1|
|mysql|
|performance_schema|
|sys|
+--------------------+
6rowsinset(0.00sec)

mysql>usemydb1;
Databasechanged
mysql>select*fromt1;
+------+
|id|
+------+
|1|
|2|
|3|
|11|
|12|
+------+
5rowsinset(0.00sec)

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Centos7实现MySQL基于日志还原数据的示例代码

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