Python如何使用vars返回对象的属性列表
英文文档：
vars([object])
Returnthe__dict__attributeforamodule,class,instance,oranyotherobjectwitha__dict__attribute.
Objectssuchasmodulesandinstanceshaveanupdateable__dict__attribute;however,otherobjectsmayhavewriterestrictionsontheir__dict__attributes(forexample,classesuseadictproxytopreventdirectdictionaryupdates).
Withoutanargument,vars()actslikelocals().Note,thelocalsdictionaryisonlyusefulforreadssinceupdatestothelocalsdictionaryareignored.
返回当前作用域内的局部变量和其值组成的字典，或者返回对象的属性列表
说明
1.当函数不接收参数时，其功能和locals函数一样，返回当前作用域内的局部变量。
#不带参数功能和locals函数一样
>>>v1=vars()
>>>l1=locals()
>>>v1
{'__name__':'__main__','__builtins__':,'v1':{...},'l1':{...},'__spec__':None,'__doc__':None,'__package__':None,'__loader__':}
>>>l1
{'__name__':'__main__','__builtins__':,'v1':{...},'l1':{...},'__spec__':None,'__doc__':None,'__package__':None,'__loader__':}
2.当函数接收一个参数时，参数可以是模块、类、类实例，或者定义了__dict__属性的对象。
#作用于模块
>>>importtime
>>>vars(time)
{'gmtime':,'tzname':('Öйú±ê׼ʱ¼ä','ÖйúÏÄÁîʱ'),'timezone':-28800,'struct_time':,'ctime':,'perf_counter':,'mktime':,'localtime':,'time':,'__package__':'','altzone':-32400,'clock':,'strptime':,'monotonic':,'__loader__':,'get_clock_info':,'sleep':,'process_time':,'__name__':'time','_STRUCT_TM_ITEMS':9,'__spec__':ModuleSpec(name='time',loader=,origin='built-in'),'__doc__':'Thismoduleprovidesvariousfunctionstomanipulatetimevalues.\n\nTherearetwostandardrepresentationsoftime.Oneisthenumber\nofsecondssincetheEpoch,inUTC(a.k.a.GMT).Itmaybeaninteger\norafloatingpointnumber(torepresentfractionsofseconds).\nTheEpochissystem-defined;onUnix,itisgenerallyJanuary1st,1970.\nTheactualvaluecanberetrievedbycallinggmtime(0).\n\nTheotherrepresentationisatupleof9integersgivinglocaltime.\nThetupleitemsare:\nyear(includingcentury,e.g.1998)\nmonth(1-12)\nday(1-31)\nhours(0-23)\nminutes(0-59)\nseconds(0-59)\nweekday(0-6,Mondayis0)\nJulianday(dayintheyear,1-366)\nDST(DaylightSavingsTime)flag(-1,0or1)\nIftheDSTflagis0,thetimeisgivenintheregulartimezone;\nifitis1,thetimeisgivenintheDSTtimezone;\nifitis-1,mktime()shouldguessbasedonthedateandtime.\n\nVariables:\n\ntimezone--differenceinsecondsbetweenUTCandlocalstandardtime\naltzone--differenceinsecondsbetweenUTCandlocalDSTtime\ndaylight--whetherlocaltimeshouldreflectDST\ntzname--tupleof(standardtimezonename,DSTtimezonename)\n\nFunctions:\n\ntime()--returncurrenttimeinsecondssincetheEpochasafloat\nclock()--returnCPUtimesinceprocessstartasafloat\nsleep()--delayforanumberofsecondsgivenasafloat\ngmtime()--convertsecondssinceEpochtoUTCtuple\nlocaltime()--convertsecondssinceEpochtolocaltimetuple\nasctime()--converttimetupletostring\nctime()--converttimeinsecondstostring\nmktime()--convertlocaltimetupletosecondssinceEpoch\nstrftime()--converttimetupletostringaccordingtoformatspecification\nstrptime()--parsestringtotimetupleaccordingtoformatspecification\ntzset()--changethelocaltimezone','strftime':,'asctime':,'daylight':0}
#作用于类
>>>vars(slice)
mappingproxy({'__ne__':,'__getattribute__':,'__reduce__':,'start':,'indices':,'__ge__':,'stop':,'__eq__':,'step':,'__hash__':None,'__doc__':'slice(stop)\nslice(start,stop[,step])\n\nCreateasliceobject.Thisisusedforextendedslicing(e.g.a[0:10:2]).','__repr__':,'__le__':,'__gt__':,'__new__':,'__lt__':})
#作用于类实例
>>>classA(object):
pass
>>>a.__dict__
{}
>>>vars(a)
{}
>>>a.name='Kim'
>>>a.__dict__
{'name':'Kim'}
>>>vars(a)
{'name':'Kim'}
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