解决使用httpclient传递json数据乱码的问题

2023-07-06 12:22:03 172

今天用httpclient传输json数据，服务端接受数据中文乱码，下面分别贴上修改前与修改后的代码以及原因分析

（1）修改前：

client端

publicStringsendHttpPost(StringhttpUrl,Stringdata){

//创建post请求
HttpPosthttpPost=newHttpPost(httpUrl);
StringEntityentity;
try{
entity=newStringEntity(data);
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}catch(UnsupportedEncodingExceptione){
//TODOAuto-generatedcatchblock
e.printStackTrace();
}

returnsendHttpPost(httpPost);
}

privateStringsendHttpPost(HttpPosthttpPost){

CloseableHttpClienthttpClient=null;
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=null;
HttpEntityentity=null;
StringresponseContent=null;

//创建默认的httpclient实例
httpClient=HttpClients.createDefault();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
httpPost.setHeader("Accept","aplication/json");
httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=UTF-8");
//执行请求
try{
logger.info("开始同步数据");
response=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
entity=response.getEntity();
responseContent=EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
logger.info("数据同步结果："+responseContent);
}catch(IOExceptione){
logger.error("同步数据出错："+e.toString());
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
if(response!=null){
response.close();
}
if(httpClient!=null){
httpClient.close();
}

}catch(Exceptione2){
logger.error("流关闭出错："+e2.toString());
}

}
returnresponseContent;
}

（2）修改后

client端

publicStringsendHttpPost(StringhttpUrl,Stringdata){

//创建post请求
HttpPosthttpPost=newHttpPost(httpUrl);
StringEntityentity;
entity=newStringEntity(data,"UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
//entity.setContentType(newBasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE,"application/json"));//用这个跟上面一行那个结果一样，可以查看源码
httpPost.setEntity(entity);

returnsendHttpPost(httpPost);
}

privateStringsendHttpPost(HttpPosthttpPost){

CloseableHttpClienthttpClient=null;
CloseableHttpResponseresponse=null;
HttpEntityentity=null;
StringresponseContent=null;

//创建默认的httpclient实例
httpClient=HttpClients.createDefault();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
httpPost.setHeader("Accept","aplication/json");

httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=UTF-8");
}

服务端代码

//服务端代码通过红色字体的代码接受数据
publicMapgetRequestPostParams(HttpServletRequestrequest)throwsBusinessException{
try{
//接收数据
StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer();
InputStreamis=request.getInputStream();
InputStreamReaderisr=newInputStreamReader(is,"utf-8");
BufferedReaderbr=newBufferedReader(isr);
Strings="";
while((s=br.readLine())!=null){

sb.append(s);
}
StringstrData=sb.toString();

if(null==strData||"".equals(strData)){
returnnewHashMap();
}
Mapparams=this.parseJSON2Map(strData);
returnparams;

}catch(Exceptione){
thrownewBusinessException(BusinessException.ERROR_INNER,"参数转换错误！");
}
}

下面来解释原因：

看到这里发现了client端的不同的吧，没错只有一行代码不一样

entity=newStringEntity(data,"UTF-8");

就是这行代码，因为构造方法的不同造成的

本来参考了这篇文章把问题解决了，但是我发现我自己的代码明明也设置额编码为什么会出现乱码呢，于是我就去看源代码的实现，差异在哪里？下面贴上源代码

publicStringEntity(finalStringstring,finalContentTypecontentType)throwsUnsupportedCharsetException{

super();
Args.notNull(string,"Sourcestring");
Charsetcharset=contentType!=null?contentType.getCharset():null;
if(charset==null){
charset=HTTP.DEF_CONTENT_CHARSET;
}
try{
this.content=string.getBytes(charset.name());
}catch(finalUnsupportedEncodingExceptionex){
//shouldneverhappen
thrownewUnsupportedCharsetException(charset.name());
}
if(contentType!=null){
setContentType(contentType.toString());
}

}

然后就发现，在newStringEntity的时候，就已经将数据根据编码进行了处理，也就是说，如果你调用newStringEntity(Stringstring)此构造方法，就会使用其默认的编码进行转码（ISO-8859-1），无论你后面设置多少次（

entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");

或者

httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=UTF-8");

都不会改变字符串已经被按转码变成Byte[]数组的事实，当然在请求中设定传输编码格式还是要做的。

其实说这么多，解决问题的关键就一句话，在newStringEntity()的时候指定编码就解决了，因为在new的同时已经做了字符串的转码操作

之所以说这么多，是想告诉自己，问题解决了固然是好，但应该知道为什么这么做，多看源码，多问自己为什么，仅此共勉。

补充：httpclientpost发送json数组并解决json乱码问题

业务：

客户端发送json数据，服务端进行解析

client发送json格式：

{"data":[{"name":"1;,a","id_no":"222,a","cellphone":"123141a","abode_detail":"213,a","emp_add":"werew3a","app_no":"111111111111a","create_time":"11a"},{"name":"张三","id_no":"null","cellphone":"null","abode_detail":"null","emp_add":"null","app_no":"null","create_time":"null"},{"name":"1;,","id_no":"222,","cellphone":"123141","abode_detail":"213,","emp_add":"werew3","app_no":"111111111111","create_time":"11"},{"name":"1;,ab","id_no":"222,ab","cellphone":"123141ab","abode_detail":"213,ab","emp_add":"werew3ab","app_no":"111111111111ab","create_time":"11ab"}],"sendtime":"20160503"}

废话少说，直接上主要代码

client端

packagemsxf.until;
importcom.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
importcom.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
importmsxf.until.model.People;
importorg.apache.http.HttpStatus;
importorg.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
importorg.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
importorg.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
importorg.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
importorg.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
importorg.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
importorg.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
importjava.io.IOException;
importjava.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
importjava.util.HashMap;
importjava.util.List;
importjava.util.Map;
/**
*Createdby小省.
*/
publicclassMain{
privatefinalstaticorg.apache.log4j.Loggerlogger=org.apache.log4j.Logger.getLogger(Main.class);
publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
Mapma=newHashMap();
ma.put("sendtime","20160503");
//连接impala查库，返回List，其中peopel为自定义实体类
ListpeopleList=ImpalaJdbc.connImpala();
if(peopleList.size()==0){
logger.info("peopleList.size()==0");
}
ma.put("data",peopleList);
ObjectMapperom=newObjectMapper();
try{
StringjsonStr=om.writeValueAsString(ma);
System.out.println(jsonStr);
CloseableHttpResponsehttpResponse=null;
CloseableHttpClienthttpClient=HttpClientBuilder.create().setRetryHandler(newDefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler()).build();
//解决中文乱码，注意与服务端同时存在
StringEntitystringEntity=newStringEntity(jsonStr,"UTF-8");
//就目前来说下面这段代码是可有可无stringEntity.setContentEncoding(newBasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE,"application/json"));
//post地址
HttpUriRequesthttpUriRequest=RequestBuilder.post("http://localhost:8080/qc").setEntity(stringEntity).build();
httpResponse=httpClient.execute(httpUriRequest);
System.out.println("发送");
intstatusCode=httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if(statusCode==HttpStatus.SC_OK){
//HttpEntityentity=httpResponse.getEntity();
//InputStreamin=entity.getContent();
System.out.println("文件传输服务器正常响应！");
}
}catch(JsonProcessingExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(UnsupportedEncodingExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(ClientProtocolExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

服务端

采用最原始的servlet

importorg.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
importorg.json.JSONArray;
importorg.json.JSONException;
importorg.json.JSONObject;
importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.IOException;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
importjava.net.URLDecoder;
/**
*Createdby小省.
*/
publicclassQcServletextendsjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet{
protectedvoiddoPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestrequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseresponse)throwsjavax.servlet.ServletException,IOException{
doGet(request,response);
}
protectedvoiddoGet(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestrequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseresponse)throwsjavax.servlet.ServletException,IOException{
System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++");
//解决中文乱码
BufferedReaderbr=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(request.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));
Stringline=null;
StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer();
while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
sb.append(line);
}
System.out.println("sb.toString()"+sb.toString());
//就目前而言Stringreesult=URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(),HTTP.UTF_8);是可有可无的，httpclient会自动解码
//Stringreesult=sb.toString();
Stringreesult=URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(),HTTP.UTF_8);
try{
//将string字符串转化为json数组，并且遍历
JSONObjectjsonObject=newJSONObject(reesult);
Stringmesage=(String)jsonObject.getString("data");
JSONArraymyJsonArray=newJSONArray(mesage);
for(inti=0;i
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持毛票票。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教。

解决使用httpclient传递json数据乱码的问题

（1）修改前：

（2）修改后

下面来解释原因：

client发送json格式：

采用最原始的servlet

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